front 1 the part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord | back 1 central nervous system |
front 2 the neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body, including the muscles and glands | back 2 peripheral nervous system |
front 3 the nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system | back 3 neuron |
front 4 the part of the neuron that produces the energy need for the activity of a cell | back 4 cell body |
front 5 the branchlike extensions of a neuron that receive impulses and conduct them toward the cell body | back 5 dendrites |
front 6 a long tube-like structure attached to a neuron that transmits impulses away from the neuron cell body | back 6 axon |
front 7 a white, fatty substance that insulates axons and enables rapid transmission of neural impulses | back 7 myelin |
front 8 small fibers branching out from an axon | back 8 axon terminals |
front 9 the junction between the axon terminals of the sending neuron and the dendrites of the receiving neuron | back 9 synapse |
front 10 a chemical messenger that carries impulses across the synaptic gaps between neurons | back 10 neurotransmitters |
front 11 a column of nerves within the spine that transmit messages to and from the brain | back 11 spinal cord |
front 12 the division of the peripheral nervous system that connects the central nervous system with sensory receptors, muscles, and the skin | back 12 somatic nervous system |
front 13 the subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates body functions, such as respiration and digestion. | back 13 autonomic nervous system |
front 14 a structure at the base of the brain stem that controls vital functions such as heartbeat and breathing | back 14 medulla |
front 15 a brain structure located at the top of the brain stem that is involved in respiration, movement, and sleep | back 15 pons |
front 16 the large mass of the fore brain, consisting of two hemispheres | back 16 cerebellum |
front 17 the part of the brain that is involved in attention, sleep, and arousal | back 17 reticular activating system |
front 18 the structure of the brain that relays messages from the sense organs to the cerebral cortex | back 18 thalamus |
front 19 the neural structure located below the thalamus that controls temperature, hunger, thirst, and various aspects of emotion | back 19 hypothalamus |
front 20 a group of neural structures at the base of the cerebral hemispheres that is associated with emotion and motivation | back 20 limbic system |
front 21 the large mass of the fore-brain, consisting of two hemispheres | back 21 cerebrum |
front 22 the bumpy, convoluted surface of the brain; the body's control and information processing center | back 22 cerebral cortex |
front 23 the nerve fibers that connect the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex | back 23 corpus callosum |
front 24 areas of the cerebral cortex that are involved in such mental operations as thinking, memory, learning, and problem solving | back 24 association areas |
front 25 the glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream | back 25 endocrine system |
front 26 chemicals produced by the endocrine glands that regulate through adjustments of the nervous system | back 26 hormones |
front 27 the genetic transmission of traits from one generation to the next | back 27 heredity |
front 28 the basic building blocks of heredity | back 28 genes |
front 29 a microscopic threadlike structure in the nucleus of every living cell; it contains genes, the basic units of heredity | back 29 chromosomes |