front 1 Briefly describe population growth over human history. | back 1 The history of human population grows exponentially at a rate of 1.4%
each year. The population growth reached 1 billion people in the year
1800 and increased slowly until around the year 1930 when there was a
dramatic increase. Currently, human population growth has reached its
carrying capacity due to limiting factors and is beginning to
stabilize gradually. |
front 2 Is population growth a recent event? | back 2 No, population growth is occurring constantly since the beginning of
human history. Drastic historical events such as the Civil War, the
Plague, World War I, and World War II have decreased human population sizes.
- Human population grows 80 million each year
- Human
population slowly increased until 1930
|
front 3 How has doubling time changed over the course of human history? | back 3 - Over the course of human history, population growth has
increased at a dramatic rate. The number of years it took for the
human population to grow per billion decreased in the 1960s.
Recently, the human population size is increasing per billion every
12-15 years.
|
front 4 Describe the role of the Industrial Revolution on human population growth. | back 4 - The Industrial Revolution was the transition into new
manufacturing processes (i.e. iron and textile industries) with the
use of fossil fuels. This led to the increased production of goods
and standard of living but had negative effects on working
conditions for the employees. These factories contributed to
pollution and resource exploitation.
|
front 5 Describe the role of the Medical Revolution on human population growth. | back 5 - The Medical Revolution led to decreases in child and infant
mortality due to vaccinations, clean drinking water, sewage
treatment, antibiotics, and nutritional improvements.
|
front 6 Describe the role of the Green Revolution on human population growth. | back 6 - The Green Revolution began in the mid 19th century with
continued improvement in the mass production of goods. The
industrialization of agriculture in the mid 1900s increased crop
yields.
|
| back 7 - used to assess the impact of population growth on the
environment.
- I=PxAxTxS
- Impact: impact of population
growth on the environment
- Population: individuals need
space and resources
- Affluence: greater per capita
resource use
- Technology: increased exploitation of
resources
- Sensitivity: how sensitive an area in to human
pressure
|
front 8 Bill Gates said, "As you improve health in a society, population
does down... Before I learned about it, I thought it was
paradoxical." Explain what he meant by this. | back 8 - The terms "health", "population", and
"down" are vague and inconsistent. Bill Gates' statement
is inadequate with logical thought. Improving health in a society,
increases population sizes.
|
front 9 How many of us are there? | back 9 - The human population size is currently 7 billion
|
front 10 What is the estimate for population growth by 2050? | back 10 - 9.1 billion or 11 billion
|
front 11 Describe how populations and poverty are distributed across the globe? | back 11 - The highest density populations are those near temperate,
subtropical, and tropical biomes.
- The lowest density
populations are away from water and tend to be environmentally
sensitive.
- War, civil strife, and environmental degradation
cause people to flee their home
- Each year, 25 million
refugees escape poor environmental conditions
|
front 12 Describe the term demography. | back 12 - the application of population ecology to the study of change in
human populations
|
front 13 What do demographers study? | back 13 - demographers study:
- population size
- density
and distribution
- age structure
- sex ratio
- birth, death, immigration, and emigration
|
front 14 How does population growth differ in more-developed vs.
less-developed regions. | back 14 - More-developed regions' population growth increase more
slowly.
- Less-developed regions' population growth increase
more quickly.
|
| back 15 Total Fertility Rate: average number of children born to each family |
front 16 Natural rate of population change is due to | back 16 - birth and death rates alone
|
| back 17 - the TFR that keeps the size of a population stable
|
| back 18 - Medical care reduces infant mortality
- Urbanization
increases childcare costs
- Children go to school instead of
working
- Social Security supports the elderly
- Educated women enter the labor force
|
front 19 What is zero population growth and when does it occur? | back 19 - when birth and death rates are equal
- when population
growth is stabilizing
|
front 20 Describe China's one-child policy. | back 20 - decreased fertility rate from 6 in 1990 to 1.6 in 2009
- abortion and forced sterilization
- infanticide,
particularly of girls
- social problems
- may
result in the gender balance being altered
|
front 21 What are the consequences from a population growth perspective? | back 21 Population growth would decrease |
front 22 What has accounted for the majority of the world's population growth
in recent years?
- a) women are having more babies
- b) death rates have
dropped due to technology. medicine, and food
- c) more women
are using contraceptives
- d) nothing, the population has
dropped in recent years
| back 22 - death rates have dropped due to technology, medicine, and
food
|
front 23 According to the I=PxAxT formula, what would happen if China's 1
billion people had a lifestyle like Americans?
- a) Their population would automatically drop
- b) Their
population would automatically increase
- c) Their affluence
and technology would increase
- d) Their impact on the
environment would even out
| back 23 - c) Their affluence and technology would increase
|
front 24 How have humans been able to raise the environment's carrying
capacity for our species?
- a) Through technology
- b) By eliminating limiting
factors
- c) Through increased consumption
- d) Spending
more money on non-essential resources
| |
front 25 Areas that lack significant numbers of people, and have a low
population density are:
- a) No longer available
- b) Best able to support higher
densities of people
- c) Sensitive area least able to support
high densities of people
- d) Located around tropical and
grassland areas
| back 25 - c) Sensitive areas least able to support high densities of
people
|
front 26 Describe the relationship between growth rates and population size.
- a) Falling growth rates automatically mean a smaller
population
- b) Falling growth rates automatically mean a
larger population
- c) Falling growth rates mean we no longer
have a population problem
- d) Falling growth rates do not
mean a smaller population, but that rates of increase are
slowing
| back 26 - c) Falling growth rates mean we no longer have a population
problem
|
front 27 According to the age pyramid, Madagascar's future population will be:
- a) Balanced
- b) Larger
- c) Much larger
- d) Smaller
- e) Much smaller
| |
front 28 What happens during the "pre-industrial" stage of the
demographic transition?
- a) High birth and death rates cause the population to
increase
- b) High birth and death rates, but the population is
stable
- c) High birth rates with low death rates cause the
population to increase
- d) Low birth and death rates cause
the population to decrease
| back 28 - b) High birth and death rates, but the population is
stable
|
front 29 According to the graphs, which countries had access to family planning
- a) Iraq and Pakistan
- b) Malawi and Haiti
- c)
Malawi and Kenya
- d) Kenya and Bangladesh
| |