front 1 Homo floresiensis was different from our own species (Homo sapiens) in that it ____________________. Lived millions of years ago. Lived in a place that is inhospitable to modern humans. Was larger. Was only two feet tall. Had a smaller brain. | back 1 Had a smaller brain. |
front 2 An organism is multicellular, ingests food, and undergoes a metamorphosis stage during its lifetime. What type of organism is it? Animal. Bacteria. Protist. Plant. Fungus. | back 2 Animal. |
front 3 The phrase "Cambrian explosion" refers to _______________________________________. The evolutionarily sudden proliferation of mammal species. The rapid adaptive radiation that gave rise to most extant animal phyla. The evolutionary transition from aquatic to terrestrial vertebrates. The asteroid impact that caused the mass extinction at the cretaceous-tertiary boundary. The evolutionarily sudden proliferation of dinosaur species. | back 3 The rapid adaptive radiation that gave rise to most extant animal phyla. Nearly all major animal body plans appear in Cambrian rocks. During this time, a burst of animal origins, called the Cambrian explosion, left a rich fossil assemblage. |
front 4 Animals probably evolved from colonial protists. how do animals differ from these protist ancestors? The protists were autotrophic. Animals have cells that are more specialized. The protists were heterotrophic. Animals are able to reproduce. The protists were prokaryotic. | back 4 Animals have cells that are more specialized. |
front 5 Which of the following is associated with bilateral symmetry? A lack of true tissues No true body tissue. A stationary lifestyle. A definite "head end". A lack of body tissues. | back 5 A definite "head end". Bilateral animals have a concentration of sensory receptors on one end. |
front 6 Which of the following is radially symmetrical? A spoon. A submarine sandwich. An automobile. A dog. A doughnut. | back 6 A doughnut. A doughnut has no front, no back, no left, and no right. |
front 7 Which animal phylum is most closely related to the phylum Chordata? Porifera. Echinodermata. Mollusca. Cnidaria. Arthropoda. | back 7 Echinodermata. Echinoderms and chordates share some embryological characteristics as well as the mechanism for coelom formation. |
front 8 Which of the following statements is true? The majority of the world's animals are autotrophic. The majority of the world's animals are radially symmetrical. The majority of the world's animals are chordates. The majority of the world's animals are invertebrates. The majority of the world's animals are unicellular. | back 8 The majority of the world's animals are invertebrates. Although we don't often realize it, invertebrates make up over 95% of all animal species. |
front 9 Unlike other animals, sponges __________. Lack true tissues. Exhibit bilateral symmetry. Are unicellular. Are prokaryotic. Possess cell walls. | back 9 Lack true tissues. Because they were likely some of the earliest animals to evolve, sponges are quite simple compared to other extant animals. |
front 10 Sponges feed by ____________________. Paralyzing small crustaceans with stringing cells. Scraping bacteria and algae from hard substrates. Photosynthesis. Filtering small particles from water. Absorbing nutrients from the guts of their hosts. | back 10 Filtering small particles from water. Sponges trap food from the water circulating through their porous body. |
front 11 The animal phylum most like the protists that gave rise to the animals is __________. Arthropoda. Porifera. Cnidaria. Echinodermata. Platyhelminthes. | back 11 Porifera. |
front 12 Which of the following are found in members of the phylum Cnidaria? Exoskeleton, radial symmetry. Internal skeleton, bilateral symmetry. Stinging cells, bilateral symmetry. Stinging cells, radial symmetry. A mantle for respiration, radial symmetry. | back 12 Stinging cells; radial symmetry. Cnidarians are radially symmetrical carnivores that use tentacles armed with batteries of cnidocytes, or stinging cells, to capture prey. |
front 13 Consider the following list of animals: giant squid, earthworm, largemouth bass, snail, tapeworm, coral, and sea star. The two that belong to the sam phylum are the _______________, and their phylum is __________. Bass and giant squid; Chordata. Earthworm and tapeworm; Annelida. Snail and coral; Annelida. Giant squid and snail; Mollusca. Coral and sea star; Echinodermata. | back 13 Giant squid and snail; Mollusca. |
front 14 Flatworms are the simplest animals with _______________. Bilateral symmetry. Free-living individuals. Radial symmetry A body cavity. A complete digestive tract. | back 14 Bilateral symmetry. Flatworms are the simplest animals to have a "left" and a "right" side. |
front 15 Earthworms are most closely related to __________. Oysters. Tapeworms. Leeches. Roundworms. Sea urchins. | back 15 Leeches. |
front 16 Annelids ____________________. Are endothermic. Are named for the stinging cells they use to kill their prey. Are segmented worms. Are radially symmetrical. Include leeches, earthworms, and roundworms. | back 16 Are segmented worms. The phylum includes earthworms, aquatic worms, and leeches. They have characteristically long bodies with both internal and external segmentation. They have a distinct head and tail. |
front 17 Biology deals with many kinds of worms. Which choice includes three different phyla of "worms"? Nematoda, Platyhelminthes, Echinodermata. Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Nematoda. Mollusca, Chordata, Echinodermata. Nematoda, Cnidaria, Porifera. Cnidaria, Arthropoda, Corals. | back 17 Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Nematoda. Platyhelminthes are flatworms; nematodes are roundworms; and annelids are segmented worms. |
front 18 Animals such as __________ are the simplest animals to have __________. Jellies; a complete digestive tract. Roundworms; a complete digestive tract. Flatworms; a true body cavity. Sponges; bilateral symmetry. Snails; a body cavity. | back 18 Roundworms; a true body cavity. |
front 19 The __________ include the largest number of species. Annelids. Arthropods. Echinoderms. Chordates. Molluscs. | back 19 Anthropods. There are about one million known arthropod species. |
front 20 In arthropods, molting is necessary because _________________________. The exoskeleton is progressively resorbed by body tissue. The chitinous exoskeleton cannot grow. The environment degrades the exoskeleton, which therefore must be shed and replaced. This is how arthropods reproduce. Arthropod appendages generally increase in number as the animal ages. | back 20 The chitinous exoskeleton cannot grow. |
front 21 The majority of animal species are __________. Primates. Vertebrates. Lacking a body cavity. Chordates. Insects. | back 21 Insects. In species diversity, insects outnumber all other forms of life combined. |
front 22 A sea star and a hookworm belong to the phyla __________ and __________, respectively. Echinodermata; Nematoda. Mollusca; Rotifera. Porifera; Arthropods. Platyhelminthes; Arachnida. Cnidaria; Chordata. | back 22 Echinodermata; Nematoda. |
front 23 The water vascular system of a sea star functions in __________. Keeping all parts of the body moist at low tide. Pumping water for swimming movements. Waste disposal. Movement of the tube feet. Digestion. | back 23 Movement of the tube feet. |
front 24 Which one of the following is thought to be most closely related to humans? Jellies. Snails. Earthworms. Ants. Sea stars. | back 24 Sea stars. Both humans and sea stars share features of embryological development. |
front 25 An animal has segments, bilateral symmetry, pharyngeal slits, a post-anal tail, and a notochord. It must be a member of the phylum __________. Platyhelminthes. Annelida. Arthropoda. Mollusca. Chordata. | back 25 Chordata. |
front 26 A __________ is a chordate but not a vertebrate. Shark. Lancelet. Sea star. Frog. Lamprey. | back 26 Lancelet. Throughout their lives, lancelets retain the notochord as the primary support of the appendicular skeleton. |
front 27 A distinguishing feature of vertebrates is the presence of __________. A gastrovascular cavity. Segmentation. A post-anal tail. A backbone. Feathers. | back 27 A backbone. The group is named after the vertebrae that make up the backbone. |
front 28 Which of the following do a lamprey, a shark, a lizard, and a rabbit all have in common? They all have jaws. They all have gill structures in the embryo or adult. They are all tetrapods. They are all ectothermic. They are all amniotes. | back 28 They all have gill structures in the embryo or adult. |
front 29 How do lampreys differ from other living vertebrates? Lampreys lack both jaws and paired appendages. Lampreys have an endoskeleton. Lampreys are endothermic. Lampreys have an exoskeleton. Lampreys are amniotes. | back 29 Lampreys lack both jaws and paired appendages. |
front 30 A feature of bony fish not found in sharks is _______________. Pelvic and pectoral fins with bony supports. A swim bladder. Gills. An endoskeleton. A lateral line system. | back 30 A swim bladder. |
front 31 The gill flap, or operculum, was an important adaptation for fish because it helps with ____________________. Sensing chemicals in water. Maintaining a supply of oxygen. Underwater sex. Adjusting buoyancy. Orientation in currents. | back 31 Maintaining a supply of oxygen. During breathing, water is drawn into the mouth, through te pharynx, and out between the gils by the movement of the operculum and the contraction of muscles surrounding the gill chambers. |
front 32 The first vertebrates to colonize land were __________. Agnathans. Mammals. Reptiles. Cartilaginous fish. Amphibians. | back 32 Amphibians. Amphibians, though tied to water for reproduction, include species that are, otherwise, entirely terrestrial. |
front 33 The development that freed vertebrates from water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse terrestrial environments was the __________. Placenta. Amniotic egg. Bony appendage. Operculum. Lateral line system. | back 33 Amniotic egg. The amniotic egg allows for reproduction and development within a structure that provides moisture, food, waste storage, and gas exchange. |
front 34 Which of the following is shared by living birds and living reptiles? Having feathers. Having an operculum. Endothermic metabolism. Ectothermic metabolism. Scales containing keratin. | back 34 Scales containing keratin. |
front 35 Which of the following pairs is matched correctly? Aves; little brown bat. Osteichthyes; great white shark. Mammal; kangaroo. Jawed fish; lamprey. Chondrichthyes; perch. | back 35 Mammal; kangaroo. |
front 36 All mammals ____________________. Complete their embryonic development in the uterus. Are nurtured in the mother by the placenta. Bear live young. Are marsupials. Have mammary glands. | back 36 Have mammary glands. Mammary glands that produce milk are as distinctively mammalian as hair. |
front 37 The kangaroo is an example of a(n) __________ mammal. Ectothermic. Egg-laying. Marsupial. Monotreme. Placental. | back 37 Marsupial. Opossums, kangaroos, bandicoots, and koalas are examples of marsupial mammals. |
front 38 Eutherians ____________________. have young that develop within the female's body. Have a tendency toward single births. Have a pouch where the young develop. Lay eggs. Have a tendency toward multiple births. | back 38 Have young that develop within the female's body. |
front 39 There are three major groups of mammals, categorized on the basis of their _______________. Size. Habitat. Method of Reproduction. Presence or absence of hair. Method of locomotion. | back 39 Method of reproduction. Monotremes are egg-laying mammals; Marsupials are pouched mammals; and eutherians are placental mammals. |
front 40 There are three major groups of primates. Which of the following includes one representative from each of the three groups? Lemur, loris, chimpanzee. Loris, baboon, chimpanzee. Lemur, tarsier, baboon. Monkey baboon, human. Tarsier, monkey, gorilla. | back 40 Lemur, tarsier, baboon. |
front 41 Primates are distinguished by characteristics adapted for what? Having culture. Being endothermic. Standing upright. Making tools Living in the trees. | back 41 Living in the trees. Characteristics designed for living in the trees distinguish primates fro other mammals. |
front 42 Humans, apes, and monkeys are classified together as _______________. New World monkeys. Hominoids. Hominids. Anthropoids. Lemurs. | back 42 Anthropoids. |
front 43 Primates are distinguished from other mammals by _________________________. Dexterous hands, nails, and good depth perception. Fur, claws, and small litters. Long tails used for balance, good depth perception, and opposable thumbs. Placental reproduction, opposable thumbs, and good depth perception. Good depth perception, mammary glands, and single births. | back 43 Dextrous hands, nails, and good depth perception. |
front 44 The lineage that led to humans diverged from the one that led to chimpanzees about _____ million years ago. 40. 5. 50. 65. 25. | back 44 5. |
front 45 Humans are most closely related to __________. Chimpanzees. Gibbons. Gorillas. Orangutans. Lorises. | back 45 Chimpanzees. |
front 46 Hominids include __________ but not __________. Orangutans; monkeys Humans; Neanderthals Chimpanzee; orangutans Chimpanzees; humans Humans; great apes. | back 46 Humans; great apes. |
front 47 The evolution of humans included which of the following? The evolution of dexterous hands. Development of good depth perception. Providing parental care. Having multiple births. Increased brain size. | back 47 Increased brain size. |
front 48 Which of the following correctly lists probably ancestors of modern humans fro the oldest to the most recent? Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus Homo erectus, Homo habilis, Australopithecus Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Australopithecus Australopithecus, Homo erectus, Homo habilis Homo erectus, Australopithecus, Homo habilis | back 48 Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus |
front 49 __________ arose very early in hominid evolution; __________ evolved more recently. Large brains; upright posture. Culture; forward-looking eyes. Upright posture; forward-looking eyes. Large brains; prominent brow ridges. Upright posture; large brains. | back 49 Upright posture; large brains. |
front 50 Bipedalism is associated with what hominid? All primates Neanderthals. Homo erectus. Australopithecus. Neanderthals, although they were stooped in posture. | back 50 Australopithecus. |
front 51 The first hominid known to make tools is (was)__________. Homo habilis. Homo erectus. Homo sapiens. Australopithecus africanus. Australopithecus afarensis. | back 51 Homo habilis. Handmade tools are associated with fossil Homo habilis dating back 2.5 million years. |
front 52 Neanderthals were similar to modern humans in that some of them _______________. Had small brow ridges. Lived 10,000 years ago. Did not use tools. Lived in Africa. Had red hair and fair skin. | back 52 Had red hair and fair skin. |
front 53 Human genes undergoing relatively rapid evolution include a gene that may play a role in __________. Artistic ability. Reproduction. Speech. Bipedalism. Tool use. | back 53 Speech. The gene FOSP2 is unique in humans and evidence suggests that it is important for speech. |