front 1 Which system has five kingdoms made up of Monera (procaryotes); Protista (eukaryotic, unicellular); Fungi (eukaryotic, multicellular, chitin); Plantae (eukaryotic, multicellular) and Animalia (eukaryotic, multicellular)? | back 1 Whittaker's Five-Kingdom System |
front 2 What is Woese's Three Domains based on? | back 2 Comparison of sequence of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) |
front 3 The three domains are above the kingdoms. Name the three domains. | back 3 Eubacteria (prokaryotic and contain bacteria) Archaea (Prokaryotic and contain archaeabacteria) Eucarya (contains all eukaryotic kingdoms) |
front 4 How many volumes are contained in Bergey's Manual 1st Edition? Name them. | back 4 Four volumes: I. Gram negative II. Gram positive III. Other Gram negative bacteria IV. Actinomycetes and other Gram positive bacteria |
front 5 What are the division of the volumes in Bergey's Manual 1st edition based on? | back 5 Gram reaction cell shape cell arrangement Oxygen requirements motility metabolic properties |
front 6 How many volumes are contained in Bergey's Manual 2nd edition? Name them. | back 6 Five volumes I. Archaea and deeply branching phototrophic bacteria II. The Proteobacteria (Gram negative) III. The Firmicutes (Gram positive) IV. Odd bacteria V. Actinobacteria |
front 7 What does Low G+C mean? | back 7 Less G and C in the DNA |
front 8 What does High G+C mean? | back 8 More G and C in the DNA |
front 9 What are the groups included in Proteobacteria? | back 9 Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon |
front 10 True or False. The firmicutes are gram negative. | back 10 False |
front 11 True or False. The proteobacteria are gram negative | back 11 True |
front 12 What is the phylogeny of proteobacteria based on? | back 12 Ribosomal RNA studies |
front 13 Which of the proteobacteria are nitrogen-fixing of which the most common is Rhizobium? | back 13 Alpha |
front 14 What industrial benefit does the alpha proteobacteria offer? | back 14 They produce acetic acid from ethyl alcohol and help to make vinegar Acetobacter Gluconobacter |
front 15 What are obligate intercellular parasites? | back 15 Bacteria that must live inside the cell of the host |
front 16 How are alpha proteobacteria medically important? | back 16 Rickettsia, Arthropod-borne, spotted fever R. prowazekii - Epidemic typhus (Lice on humans) R. typhi - Endemic murine typhus (fleas on rats) R. rickettsii - Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Ticks) |
front 17 Give an example of bacteria - vector - disease in the alpha proteobacteria group. | back 17 Ehrlichia - Tick-borne - ehrlichiosis |
front 18 What cures most patients with alpha proteobacteria infections? | back 18 Doxycyxcline |
front 19 What is the best way to prevent typhus? | back 19 Inoculation with the typhus vaccine series before traveling to endemic areas and to avoid contact with lice. |
front 20 True or False. All proteobacteria is not gram negative. | back 20 False |
front 21 Alpha proteobacteria are chemoautotrophic. What does it mean? | back 21 They oxidize nitrogen for energy (lose electron or breakdown CO2) Fix CO2 - carbon source |
front 22 What is the alpha proteobacteria plant pathogen and what does it do? | back 22 Agrobacterium - insert a plasmid into plant cells, inducing a tumor |
front 23 The Beta proteobacteria are medically important and very dangerous. Why? | back 23 Bordetella are chemoheterotrophic and rod-shaped - B. pertussis causes whooping cough Burkholderia are nosocomial infections - B. cepacia is used for pesticides and dangerous for cystic fibrosis |
front 24 Neisseria is a beta proteobacteria - which diseases are attributed to this bacteria? | back 24 N. meningitidis N. gonorrhoeae |
front 25 What is the Gram status and shape is Neisseria? | back 25 Gram negative cocci |
front 26 Which two bacteria will never be used in the lab due to its dangerous nature? | back 26 Neisseria - beta proteobacteria Pseudomonas - gamma proteobacteria |
front 27 When it comes to metabolism - how does alpha proteobacteria differ from beta proteobacteria? | back 27 Alpha are chemoautotrophic and beta are chemoheterotrophic |
front 28 What is the largest subgroup of proteobacteria? | back 28 Gamma |
front 29 The enterics are included in the gamma proteobacteria - what are they? | back 29 Located in the intestines and colon and all are facultatively anaerobic and have peritrichous flagella. Includes: Klebsiella Proteus Salmonella Serratia |
front 30 Which gamma proteobacteria is considered very dangerous due to being an opportunistic pathogen? Why? | back 30 Pseudomonas because they can change their genome to use any food product. Found in the burn unit; green in color and smells like grapes. |
front 31 Which of the pseudomonas are nitrogen fixing? | back 31 Azotobacter and azomonas |
front 32 Which gamma proteobacteria causes pneumonia and where are they found? | back 32 Legionellales - in streams, warm-water pipes and cooling towers |
front 33 Which gamma proteobacteria are found in salt water or raw fish? | back 33 Vibrionales |
front 34 Which disease is vibrionales known to cause? | back 34 Cholera and gastroenteritis |
front 35 What is another very dangerous gamma proteobacteria that require heme fraction and NAD cofactor? | back 35 Haemophilus |
front 36 Which type of media has to be used with Haemophilus proteobacteria? | back 36 Blood agar (TSA + 5% agar) that has been boiled causing the release of X factor -referred to as chocolate agar due to its dark color |
front 37 Which type of media does Neisseria require? | back 37 TSA + 5% agar |
front 38 Which bacteria infections are caused by Haemophilus influenzae? | back 38 Meningitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, septic arthritis, earaches |
front 39 Which proteobacteria are microaerphilic with helical or vibrioid rods and motile by means of flagella? | back 39 Epsilon proteobacteria |
front 40 Which of the epsilon proteobacteria have one polar flagellum and are gastroenteritis? | back 40 Campylobacter |
front 41 Which epsilon proteobacteria causes spontaneous abortion in domestic animals? | back 41 C. fetus |
front 42 Which epsilon proteobacteria is the leading cause of baterial diarrhea? | back 42 C. jejuni |
front 43 Which epsilon probacteria causes heartburn, peptic ulcers and stomach cancer? | back 43 Helicobacter or helicobacter pylori |
front 44 Which group are low G + C and gram positive? | back 44 Firmicutes |
front 45 Which of the firmicutes are endospore-producing and obligate anaerobes? | back 45 Clostridium |
front 46 Which of the firmicutes are endospore-producing rods and Bacillus? | back 46 Bacillales |
front 47 Which of the bacillales are cocci? | back 47 Staphylococcus |
front 48 Which are generally aerotolerant anaerobes and lack an electron transport chain? | back 48 Lactobacillales |
front 49 What are some typical lactobacillales? | back 49 Lactobacillus (in yogurt) Streptococcus Enterococcus Listeria (gram positive rod) - if contracted in pregnancy, 40% chance of miscarriage |
front 50 Which group are not contagious, wall-less and pleomorphic? | back 50 Mycoplasmatales |
front 51 Which bacteria causes "walking" pneumonia? | back 51 M. pneumoniae |
front 52 What are the gram positive and high G + C called? | back 52 Actinobacteria |
front 53 Which of that actinobacteria are normal flora in the throat? | back 53 Corynebacterium |
front 54 Corynebacterium causes diphtheria and strep throat but how are they visually different? | back 54 In diphtheria, there is a gray layer of infection in the throat and in strep throat, there is a yellow layer of infection. |
front 55 Which of the nonproteobacteria gram negative bacteria are oxygenic photoautotrophs? | back 55 Cyanobacteria |
front 56 What are the basic characteristics of cyanobacteria? | back 56 oxygenic photosynthesis gliding motility fix nitrogen |
front 57 What type of photosynthesis requires no oxygen? | back 57 Anoxygenic photosynthesis which is purple and green photosynthetic bacteria |
front 58 Which nonproteobacteria gram negative bacteria is the longest gram negative bacteria? | back 58 Fusobacteria |
front 59 Which group do spirochaetes and bacteriodetes fall under? | back 59 nonproteobacteria gram negative |
front 60 Which of the bacteriodetes is found in the mouth and large intestine? | back 60 Bacteroides |