Instructions for Side by Side Printing
- Print the notecards
- Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
- Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
- Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
3 RadReview Spine and Pelvis
front 1 Which of the following statements is (are) true with respect to the differences between the male and female bony pelvis?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 1 1 and 2 only |
front 2 The intertrochanteric crest is located on the A proximal posterior femur. B proximal anterior femur. C distal posterior femur. D distal anterior femur. | back 2 A proximal posterior femur. |
front 3  Which of the following anatomic structures is indicated by the number 1 in Figure 2–24? Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A Body of L3 B Body of L4 C Spinous process D Transverse process | back 3 Spinous process |
front 4 The innominate bone is located in the A middle cranial fossa. B posterior cranial fossa. C foot. D pelvis. | back 4 D pelvis. |
front 5 The short, thick processes that project posteriorly from the vertebral body are the A transverse processes. B vertebral arches. C laminae. D pedicles. | back 5 D pedicles. |
front 6 AP erect left and right bending images of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, to include 1 inch of the iliac crest, are performed to demonstrate A spondylolisthesis. B subluxation. C scoliosis. D arthritis. | back 6 <ul> <li>C scoliosis.</li> </ul> <br> |
front 7 Which of the following may be used as landmark(s) for an AP projection of the hip?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 7 B 1 and 2 only |
front 8 Which of the following positions would demonstrate the right lumbar apophyseal articulations closest to the IR? A LAO B RAO C LPO D RPO | back 8 D RPO |
front 9 Which of the following is (are) demonstrated in the lateral projection of the thoracic spine?
A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 9
|
front 10 The RPO position of the cervical spine requires which of the following combinations of tube angle and direction? A 15 to 20 degrees caudad B 15 to 20 degrees cephalad C 25 to 30 degrees caudad D 25 to 30 degrees cephalad | back 10 B 15 to 20 degrees cephalad |
front 11 Which of the following positions would best demonstrate the lumbar intervertebral joints and foramina? A LPO B RPO C Lateral D PA | back 11 C Lateral |
front 12 Which of the following is (are) well demonstrated in the oblique position of the cervical vertebrae?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 12 A 1 only |
front 13 Which of the following will best demonstrate the lumbosacral junction in the AP position? A CR perpendicular to L3 B CR perpendicular to L5–S1 C CR caudad 30–35 degrees D CR cephalad 30–35 degrees | back 13 D CR cephalad 30–35 degrees |
front 14 An accurately positioned oblique projection of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae will demonstrate the classic “Scotty dog.” What bony structure does the Scotty dog's neck represent? A Superior articular process B Pedicle C Transverse process D Pars interarticularis | back 14 D Pars interarticularis |
front 15 The femoral neck can be located A parallel to the femoral shaft. B perpendicular to the femoral shaft. C perpendicular to a line drawn from the ASIS to the pubic symphysis. D perpendicular to a line from the iliac crest to the pubic symphysis. | back 15 C perpendicular to a line drawn from the ASIS to the pubic symphysis. |
front 16 Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding the lateral projection of the lumbar spine?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 16 C 1 and 3 only |
front 17  What is the anatomic structure indicated by number 3 in the radiograph in Figure 6–21? Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A Superior articular process B Inferior articular process C Pedicle D Lamina | back 17 D Lamina |
front 18 What is the anatomic structure indicated by number 1 in the radiograph shown in Figure 6–21? Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A Superior articular process B Inferior articular process C Transverse process D Lamina | back 18 A Superior articular process |
front 19 With the patient supine, the left side of the pelvis elevated 25 degrees, and the CR entering 1 in. medial to the left anterosuperior iliac spine (ASIS), which of the following is demonstrated? A Left sacroiliac joint B Left ilium C Right sacroiliac joint D Right ilium | back 19 A Left sacroiliac joint |
front 20 Which of the following is (are) demonstrated in the lateral projection of the cervical spine?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 20 B 1 and 2 only |
front 21 Which of the following is a functional study used to demonstrate the degree of AP motion present in the cervical spine? A Moving mandible position B AP open-mouth projection C Flexion and extension laterals D AP right and left bending | back 21 C Flexion and extension laterals |
front 22  What is the anatomic structure indicated by the number 3 in the radiograph in Figure 6–12? Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A Spinous process B Transverse process C Pedicle D Intervertebral foramen | back 22 B Transverse process |
front 23 The radiograph in Figure 6–12 could be improved in which of the following ways? Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A The MSP should be 45 degrees to the plane of the IR. B The MSP should be 90 degrees to the plane of the cassette. C The chin should be elevated slightly. D The head should be flexed slightly. | back 23 C The chin should be elevated slightly. |
front 24 The relationship between the ends of fractured long bones is referred to as A angulation B apposition C luxation D sprain | back 24 B apposition |
front 25 Which of the following is demonstrated in a 25-degree RPO position with the CR entering 1 inch medial to the elevated ASIS? A Left sacroiliac joint B Right sacroiliac joint C Left ilium D Right ilium | back 25 A Left sacroiliac joint |
front 26  The number 2 in Figure 2–40 represents which of the following structures? A Body B Pedicle C Inferior articular process D Superior articular process | back 26 C Inferior articular process |
front 27 The innominate bone is located in the A middle cranial fossa B posterior cranial fossa C foot D pelvis. | back 27 D pelvis. |
front 28 Which of the following structures is located at the level of the interspace between the second and third thoracic vertebrae? A Manubrium B Jugular notch C Sternal angle D Xiphoid process | back 28 B Jugular notch |
front 29 Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the right apophyseal articulations of the lumbar vertebrae? A PA B Left lateral C RPO D LPO | back 29 C RPO |
front 30 Which of the following is (are) demonstrated in a lateral projection of the cervical spine?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 30 C 2 and 3 only |
front 31 Which of the following is a functional study used to demonstrate the degree of AP motion present in the cervical spine? A Open-mouth projection B Moving-mandible AP C Flexion and extension laterals D Right and left bending AP | back 31 C Flexion and extension laterals |
front 32 In the anterior oblique position of the cervical spine, the CR should be directed A parallel to C4 B perpendicular to C4 C 15 degrees cephalad to C4 D 15 degrees caudad to C4. | back 32 D 15 degrees caudad to C4. |
front 33 All the following are palpable bony landmarks used in radiography of the pelvis except A the femoral neck B the pubic symphysis C the greater trochanter D the iliac crest | back 33 A the femoral neck |
front 34  Which of the following is (are) well demonstrated in the lumbar spine shown in Figure 2–35?
Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 34 C 1 and 3 only |
front 35 Standard radiographic protocols may be reduced to include two views, at right angles to each other, in which of the following situations? A Barium examinations B Spine radiography C Skull radiography D Emergency and trauma radiography | back 35 D Emergency and trauma radiography |
front 36 To visualize or “open” the right sacroiliac joint, the patient is positioned A 30 to 40 degrees LPO B 30 to 40 degrees RPO C 25 to 30 degrees LPO D 25 to 30 degrees RPO. | back 36 C 25 to 30 degrees LPO |
front 37 Which of the following is (are) effective in reducing exposure to sensitive tissues for frontal views during scoliosis examinations?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 37 D 1, 2, and 3 |
front 38 Which of the following precautions should be observed when radiographing a patient who has sustained a traumatic injury to the hip?
A 1 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 38 B 1 and 3 only |
front 39 The AP axial projection, or “frog leg” position, of the femoral neck places the patient in a supine position with the affected thigh A adducted 25 degrees from the horizontal B abducted 25 degrees from the vertical C adducted 40 degrees from the horizontal D abducted 40 degrees from the vertical | back 39 D abducted 40 degrees from the vertical |
front 40 Which of the following positions will demonstrate the lumbosacral apophyseal articulation? A AP B Lateral C 30-degree RPO D 45-degree LPO | back 40 C 30-degree RPO |
front 41 The AP projection of the coccyx requires that the CR be directed
A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 2 only D 1 and 3 only | back 41 B 2 only |
front 42 Which of the following bones participate(s) in the formation of the obturator foramen?
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 42 C 2 and 3 only |
front 43 The axiolateral, or horizontal beam, projection of the hip requires the IR to be placed
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 43 C 2 and 3 only |
front 44  The structure labeled 4 in Figure 2–32 is the Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A body of C1 B body of C2 C odontoid process D anterior arch of C1 | back 44 C odontoid process |
front 45 The structure labeled 5 in Figure 2–32 is the Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A body of C1 B body of C2 C odontoid process D anterior arch of C1 | back 45 D anterior arch of C1 |
front 46 Which of the following is (are) appropriate technique(s) for imaging a patient with a possible traumatic spine injury?
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 46 C 2 and 3 only |
front 47 To demonstrate the first two cervical vertebrae in the AP projection, the patient is positioned so that A the glabellomeatal line is vertical. B the acanthiomeatal line is vertical. C a line between the mentum and the mastoid tip is vertical. D a line between the maxillary occlusal plane and the mastoid tip is vertical. | back 47 D a line between the maxillary occlusal plane and the mastoid tip is vertical. |
front 48 Which of the following is (are) demonstrated in an AP projection of the cervical spine?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 48 B 1 and 2 only |
front 49 In the anterior oblique position of the cervical spine, the structures best seen are the A intervertebral foramina nearest the IR B intervertebral foramina furthest from the IR C interarticular joints D intervertebral joints | back 49 A intervertebral foramina nearest the IR |
front 50  The position illustrated in the radiograph in Figure 2–28 may be obtained with the patient
Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only | back 50 B 2 only |
front 51  In Figure 2–27, the structure indicated as number 7 is which of the following? A Neck of rib B Tubercle of rib C Transverse process D Head of rib | back 51 D Head of rib |
front 52 A kyphotic curve is formed by which of the following?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 3 only D 1 and 3 only | back 52 B 1 and 2 only |
front 53 Which of the following positions will provide an AP projection of the L5-S1 interspace? A Patient AP with 30- to 35-degree angle cephalad B Patient AP with 30- to 35-degree angle caudad C Patient AP with 0-degree angle D Patient lateral, coned to L5 | back 53 A Patient AP with 30- to 35-degree angle cephalad |
front 54 Which of the following should be performed to rule out subluxation or fracture of the cervical spine? A Oblique cervical spine, seated B AP cervical spine, recumbent C Horizontal beam lateral D Laterals in flexion and extension | back 54 C Horizontal beam lateral |
front 55  Which of the following statements is (are) correct with respect to the images shown in Figure 2–23?
Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A 1 only B 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 55 A 1 only |
front 56 The long, flat structures that project posteromedially from the pedicles are the A transverse processes B vertebral arches C laminae D pedicles | back 56 C laminae |
front 57 The thoracic apophyseal joints are demonstrated with the A coronal plane 90 degrees to the IR B midsagittal plane 90 degrees to the IR C coronal plane 20 degrees to the IR D midsagittal plane 20 degrees to the IR. | back 57 D midsagittal plane 20 degrees to the IR. |
front 58 Structures comprising the neural, or vertebral, arch include
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 58 B 1 and 2 only |
front 59 The lumbar lamina is represented by what part of the “Scotty dog” seen in a correctly positioned oblique lumbar spine view? A Eye B Nose C Body D Neck | back 59 C Body |
front 60 The articular facets of L5-S1 are best demonstrated in a(n) A AP projection B 30-degree oblique C 75-degree oblique D AP axial | back 60 B 30-degree oblique |
front 61 What structure can be located midway between the anterosuperior iliac spine (ASIS) and pubic symphysis? A Dome of the acetabulum B Femoral neck C Greater trochanter D Iliac crest | back 61 A Dome of the acetabulum |
front 62 The lumbar transverse process is represented by what part of the “Scotty dog” seen in a correctly positioned oblique lumbar spine? A Eye B Nose C Body D Ear | back 62 B Nose |
front 63 To reduce the amount of scattered radiation reaching the IR in CR/DR imaging of the lumbosacral region, in the lateral projection, which of the following is (are) recommended?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 63 B 1 and 2 only |
front 64 A radiolucent sponge can be placed under the patient's waist for a lateral projection of the lumbosacral spine to
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 64 B 1 and 2 only |
front 65 Which of the following bony landmarks is in the same transverse plane as the symphysis pubis? A Ischial tuberosity B Prominence of the greater trochanter C Anterosuperior iliac spine D Anteroinferior iliac spine | back 65 B Prominence of the greater trochanter |
front 66 Which of the following projections can be used to supplement the traditional “open-mouth” projection when the upper portion of the odontoid process cannot be well demonstrated? A AP or PA through the foramen magnum B AP oblique with right and left head rotation C Horizontal beam lateral D AP axial | back 66 AP or PA through the foramen magnum |
front 67  Which of the following is (are) well demonstrated in the lumbar spine pictured in Figure 2–8?
Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 67 C 2 and 3 only |
front 68 What is the name of the condition that results in the forward slipping of one vertebra on the one below it? A Spondylitis B Spondylolysis C Spondylolisthesis D Spondylosis | back 68 C Spondylolisthesis |
front 69 The right posterior oblique position (Judet method) of the right acetabulum will demonstrate the
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 69 B 1 and 2 only |
front 70 The male bony pelvis differs from the female bony pelvis in which of the following way(s)?
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 70 C 2 and 3 only |
front 71  Critique the lateral cervical spine seen in Figure 2–1 and select the most correct statement below. Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. A The chin has been depressed too much. B The chin needs to be extended more. C The head is tilted. D The shoulders are not depressed enough. | back 71 D The shoulders are not depressed enough. |
front 72 The right posterior oblique (RPO) position of the left acetabulum will demonstrate the 1. posterior rim of the left acetabulum. 2. left anterior iliopubic column. 3. left iliac wing. A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 72 B 1 and 2 only |
front 73 With which of the following does the femoral head articulate? 1. Ilium 2. Ischium 3. Pubis A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 73 D 1, 2, and 3 |
front 74 The lateral aspect of the obturator foramen is formed by the A ilium. B ischium. C pubis. D sacrum. | back 74 B ischium |
front 75 Which of the following bones participate in the formation of the acetabulum? 1. Ilium 2. Ischium 3. Pubis A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 75 D 1, 2, and 3 |
front 76 Which of the following statements regarding the male pelvis is (are) true? 1. The angle formed by the pubic arch is less than that of the female. 2. The pelvic outlet is wider than that of the female. 3. The ischial tuberosities are further apart. A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 76 A 1 only |
front 77 Which of the following vertebral groups form(s) lordotic curve(s)? 1. Cervical 2. Thoracic 3. Lumbar A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 2 only D 1 and 3 only | back 77 D 1 and 3 only |
front 78  Which of the following is (are) accurate criticism(s) of the open-mouth projection of C1-2 seen in Figure A? Figure A. Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology. 1. The MSP is not centered and perpendicular to the midline of the table. 2. The neck should be flexed more. 3. The neck should be extended more. A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 3 only D 1 and 3 only | back 78 B 1 and 2 only |
front 79 The apophyseal articulations of the thoracic spine are demonstrated with the A coronal plane 45° to the IR. B midsagittal plane 45° to the IR. C coronal plane 70° to the IR. D midsagittal plane 70° to the IR. | back 79 C coronal plane 70° to the IR. |
front 80  Which of the positions illustrated in Figure A will best demonstrate the lumbar apophyseal joints closest to the IR? Figure A. A Number 1 B Number 2 C Number 3 D Number 4 | back 80 A Number 1 |
front 81  Which of the positions illustrated in Figure A will best demonstrate the lumbar intervertebral foramina? Figure A. A Number 1 B Number 2 C Number 3 D Number 4 | back 81 D Number 4 |
front 82 The pedicle is represented by what part of the "scotty dog" seen in a correctly positioned oblique lumbar spine? A Eye B Front foot C Body D Neck | back 82 A Eye |
front 83 To obtain an AP projection of the right ilium, the patient's A left side is elevated 40°. B right side is elevated 40°. C left side is elevated 15°. D right side is elevated 15°. | back 83 A left side is elevated 40°. |
front 84 The left sacroiliac joint is positioned perpendicular to the IR when the patient is positioned in a A left lateral position. B 25° to 30° LAO position. C 25° to 30° LPO position. D 30° to 40° LPO position. | back 84 B 25° to 30° LAO position. |
front 85 Which of the following are demonstrated in the oblique position of the cervical spine? 1. Intervertebral foramina 2. Apophyseal joints 3. Intervertebral joints A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3 | back 85 A 1 only |
front 86  Which of the positions illustrated below would best demonstrate the cervical pedicles? 1. A. 2. B. 3. C. A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only | back 86 C 1 and 3 only |
front 87 Which of the following is (are) demonstrated in the AP projection of the thoracic spine? 1. Intervertebral spaces 2. Apophyseal joints 3. Intervertebral foramina A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 3 D 1, 2, and 3 | back 87 A 1 only |
front 88 Which of the following positions would best demonstrate the left apophyseal articulations of the lumbar vertebrae? A LPO B RPO C Left lateral D PA | back 88 A LPO |
front 89 The right anterior oblique of the cervical spine requires which of the following combinations of tube angle and direction? A 15° to 20° caudad B 15° to 20° cephalad C 25° to 30° caudad D 25° to 30° cephalad | back 89 A 15° to 20° caudad |
front 90 The AP projection of the sacrum requires the central ray to be directed A perpendicular to the midline midway between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubis. B to the midline approximately 2 inches superior to the pubis. C 15° cephalad to a point approximately 2 inches superior to the pubis. D 15° caudad to a point approximately 2 inches superior to the pubis. | back 90 C 15° cephalad to a point approximately 2 inches superior to the pubis. |
front 91 When comparing the male and female bony pelves, it is noted that the 1.male pelvis is deeper. 2.female pubic arch is greater than 90°. 3.female greater sciatic notch is wider.
| back 91 D 1, 2, and 3 |