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18 notecards = 5 pages (4 cards per page)

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Chapter 7

front 1

What method of microbial control completely destroys all forms of microbial life?

back 1

Sterilization

front 2

What is commercial sterilization?

back 2

Limited heat treatment, destroys pathogens but not all bacteria (killing C. botulinum endospores)

front 3

What method destroys the vegetative cells on a surface?

back 3

Disinfection

front 4

What is a disinfectant?

back 4

Chemical treatment used to disinfect inanimate objects (removal of pathogens)

front 5

What method is treatment of living skin or tissue to kill microorganisms (removal of pathogens from living tissue)?

back 5

Antisepsis

front 6

What is physical removal of microbes (alcohol swab, soap) - as in cleaning the skin prior to injections?

back 6

Degerming

front 7

What is sepsis?

back 7

Refers to microbial contamination

front 8

What is asepsis?

back 8

The absence of significant contamination

front 9

What prevents microbial contamination of wounds?

back 9

Aseptic surgery techniques

front 10

What is the systematic cleansing of inanimate objects to reduce the microbial count to a safe level (for public health, used in restrooms, kitchens)?

back 10

Sanitize

front 11

What is bactericidal?

back 11

(-cidal, to kill); kill all bacteria

front 12

What is bacteriostatic?

back 12

(-static, to stop); halt (inhibit) the growth of bacteria for as long as the inhibitory substance is present; if inhibitor is removed, growth begins again

front 13

Microbial death (same as growth) occurs how?

back 13

Killing in a population is not instantaneous, it occurs exponentially

front 14

What does the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment depend on?

back 14

Number of microbes

Environment (organic matter, temperature, biofilms)

Time of exposure (need time for disinfectant to work, then wipe)

Microbial characteristics (if unfavorable conditions then will make endospore)

front 15

What is thermal death time (TDT)?

back 15

The time at a given temperature in which all the microorganisms in a liquid culture will be killed.

front 16

What is thermal death point (TDP)?

back 16

The lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are killed in 10 minutes.

front 17

What is heat sterilization?

back 17

High heat and high humidity together are the most effective in killing microorganisms, but dry heat can also be used.

front 18

What is tyndallization?

back 18

Sterilization of a fluid by heating it repeatedly to a point slightly below that of boiling. With each heating the bacteria which have developed from the more resistant spores are destroyed; when finally no undeveloped spores remain the fluid is sterile.