front 1 Interoceptors | back 1 respond to stimuli arising within the body |
front 2 Exteroceptors | back 2 react to stimuli in the external environment, closest to the body surface |
front 3 Backing into a sun-heated iron railing | back 3 Exteroceptor, pain receptor |
front 4 Someone steps on your foot | back 4 Exteroceptor, pain receptor |
front 5 Reading a book | back 5 Exteroceptor, photoreceptor |
front 6 Leaning on your elbows | back 6 Exteroceptor and Interoceptor, pacinian corpuscle and proprioceptor |
front 7 Doing sit-ups | back 7 Interoceptor, proprioceptor |
front 8 The "too full" sensation | back 8 Interoceptor, visceral receptor |
front 9 Seasickness | back 9 Exteroceptor, equilibrium of the inner ear |
front 10 Explain how sensory receptors act as transducers. | back 10 Changing the environmental stimuli into nerve impulses that are relayed to the CNS |
front 11 Stimulus | back 11 anything that can trigger a response (action potential) |
front 12 What was determined by the two-point discrimination test? | back 12 testing touch receptors and how they are distributed in different areas of the body |
front 13 What is the relationship between the accuracy of the subject's tactile localization and the results of the two-point discrimination test? | back 13 the distance of both were not closely similar |
front 14 Punctate distribution | back 14 the type of distribution of sensory receptors in which they are not distributed uniformly, but instead have discrete locations and are characterized by clustering at certain points |
front 15 Which cutaneous receptors are the most numerous? | back 15 pain receptors |
front 16 Which two body areas tested were the most sensitive to touch? | back 16 lips, fingers |
front 17 What two body areas tested were least sensitive to touch? | back 17 ventral forearm, back of the neck |
front 18 Where would referred pain appear if (1) gallbladder, (2) kidneys, (3) appendix were receiving painful stimuli? | back 18 1. right inferior thorax 2. lumbar 3. right lower quadrant |
front 19 Where was the referred pain felt when the elbow was immersed in ice water? | back 19 medial hand |
front 20 What region of the cerebrum interprets the stimuli (type and intensity) that causes cutaneous sensation? | back 20 somatosensory cortex |
front 21 Adaptation of sensory receptors | back 21 when the receptors discharge slows and conscious awareness of the stimulus declines or is lost until some type of stimulus change occurs |
front 22 Why is it advantageous to have pain receptors that are sensitive to all vigorous stimuli, whether heat, cold, or pressure? | back 22 protection, prevention of injury, to warn you quickly of harm or dangers that are happening to your body |
front 23 Why is the non-adaptability of pain receptors important? | back 23 provides an on going alertness; prevention of on going injury or damage |
front 24 Imagine yourself without any cutaneous sense organs. Why might this be very dangerous? | back 24 lack of a warning means increased potential for damage or injury |
front 25 Referred pain | back 25 a sensory experience in which pain is perceived as arising in one area of the body when in fact another, often quite remote area is receiving the painful stimulus |
front 26 What is the probable explanation for referred pain? | back 26 referred pain may occur because the nerves innervating both viscera (organs) and somatic structures travel along the same pathways |