front 1 What was the main view how the world worked geologically prior to the 1960's? | back 1 It was generally believed that mountains were produced by vertical forces. |
front 2 The change from thinking the countries are stationary to understanding the the outer layer of earth moves slowly nearly all of the time occurred primarily because_______. | back 2 We began to make global observations that required recognition that the continents and ocean had not always been their current positions. |
front 3 The former late Paleozoic super continent is known as_____. | back 3 Pangaea |
front 4 Wegener thought that_______. | back 4 There was once on big continent that later broke into several pieces. |
front 5 In Wegener's time, scientists thought that the occurrence of fossils of the same organism in two different disconnected continents was proof that________. | back 5 There had once been land bridges separating the continents |
front 6 _____ was (were) never proposed as evidence supporting the existence of Pangaea. | back 6 Islands of Precambrian rocks along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge |
front 7 Which of the following is not a type of plate boundary? | back 7 Hot spot |
front 8 Which of the following major discoveries was not made near or after World War II? | back 8 Deep focus earthquakes that occur in some regions of the earth |
front 9 Plate Tectonic boundaries were first identified by______. | back 9 Mapping earthquakes and volcanoes |
front 10 A transform boundary is characterized by_____. | back 10 A deep, vertical fault along which two plates slide past one another in opposite directions |
front 11 The figure below shows a _____ boundary. | back 11 Divergent |
front 12 The lithosphere is the outer layer of the earth characterized by ____. | back 12 Hard rocks that break |
front 13 The astheosphere is the second layer of the Earth characterized by_____. | back 13 Soft rocks that flow easily |
front 14 Most deformation occurs along plate boundaries because_____. | back 14 The plates are in constant motion and as a result the boundaries are where they interact |
front 15 When two plates move together, lithosphere is____. | back 15 Destroyed |
front 16 Evidence that tensile stresses are actively pulling the lithosphere apart in an ocean ridge system is given by___. | back 16 The existence of a rift valley in a ridge system |
front 17 All of the earth's ocean basins are____. | back 17 Less than 200 million years old |
front 18 What is a typical rate for seafloor spreading? | back 18 2 cm/yr |
front 19 Which of the following is in a place where continental rifting is occurring today? | back 19 Mt. Kilimanjaro in East Africa |
front 20 Material that was once considered to be asthenosphere can change to lithosphere by____. | back 20 Cooling so that it will break |
front 21 Oceanic island arcs are similar to continental volcanic arcs in that_____. | back 21 Oceanic islands arcs form by the same mechanism as continental arcs |
front 22 Oceanic lithosphere subducts (sinks into the athenosphere) because_____. | back 22 Old oceanic lithosphere is more dense that the athenosphere |
front 23 Mount St. Helens and the other Cascade volcanoes are_____. | back 23 Young, active stratvolcanoes built on a continental margin above a sinking slab of oceanic lithosphere |
front 24 The Himalayas formed as a result of______. | back 24 A continent-continent convergence |
front 25 The______ is an example of an active, continent-continent collision. | back 25 Northward movement of India into Eurasia |
front 26 Deep ocean trenches are surficial evidence for_____. | back 26 Sinking of oceanic lithosphere into the mantle at a subduction zone |
front 27 An identifying characteristic of convergent boundaries is_____. | back 27 Deep, linear trenches in the seafloor |
front 28 Volcanoes form above subduction zones because______. | back 28 Water is squeezed out of the subducting slab and the water triggers melting of the overlying asthenosphere |
front 29 The San Andres fault zone in California is an example of ______. | back 29 A transform plate boundary |
front 30 Which ocean formed as a direct result of the breakup of Pangaea? | back 30 Atlantic |
front 31 Which of the following is not evidence collected by the Glomar Challenger in support of the Plate Tectonics model? | back 31 Continental crust is typically several hundred million years old or older. |
front 32 The Hawaiian Island-Empeor Seamount chain formed as a result of_______. | back 32 Hot spot activities |
front 33 What is GPS (Global Positioning System) used for in the study of plate tectonics? | back 33 It measures velocity of a plate |
front 34 The major driving force of Plate Tectonics is______. | back 34 Subduction of cold, dense lithosphere |
front 35 Which of the following is considered the most important driving factor for Plate Tectonics? | back 35 Slab pull |
front 36 Chose the option which does not fit the pattern. | back 36 oceanic ridge seafloor spreading arc volcanoes divergent |
front 37 Chose the option that fits the pattern. | back 37 Hawaii island arc volcanic arc subduction |