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36 notecards = 9 pages (4 cards per page)

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Chemistry in Our Lives

front 1

What does hemoglobin do in the body?

back 1

  • Hemoglobin consists of four polypeptide chains each containing a heme group with an iron atom that binds to oxygen in the lungs.
  • From the lungs hemoglobin transports oxygen to the tissues of the body where it is used to provide energy.
  • Once the oxygen is released, hemoglobin binds to carbon dioxide for transport to the lungs where it is released

front 2

What does hemoglobin do in the body? (simple answer)

back 2

  • Hemoglobin transports oxygen to the tissues of the body and transports carbon dioxide to the lungs

front 3

Why does aspirin relieve headaches?

back 3

  • When a part of the body is injured, substances called prostaglandins are produced, which cause inflammation and pain
  • Aspirins acts to block the production of prostaglandins, thereby reducing inflammation, pain, and fever.

front 4

Chemistry

back 4

  • the study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter
  • happens all around you every day

front 5

Matter

back 5

  • all the substances that make up the world
  • EXAMPLES:
    • antacid
    • water
    • glass
    • air

front 6

Examples of a Chemical Reaction

back 6

  • tarnishing of silver
  • antacid fizzing when dropped into water
  • digesting food breaking it down into substances you need for energy and health

front 7

Chemicals

back 7

  • substances that always have the same composition and properties wherever it is found
  • EXAMPLES:
    • shampoo contains chemicals that remove the oil from hair
    • chemicals in toothpaste clean your teeth
    • chemicals in lotion help to moisturize skin

front 8

Antioxidants

back 8

  • chemicals added to food to prevent it from spoiling

front 9

Calcium carbonate

back 9

  • used as an abrasive to remove plaque

front 10

Sorbitol

back 10

  • prevents loss of water and hardening of toothpaste

front 11

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

back 11

  • used to loosen plaque

front 12

Titanium Dioxide

back 12

  • makes toothpaste white and opaque

front 13

Triclosan

back 13

  • inhibits bacteria that cause plaque and gum disease

front 14

Sodium Fluorophosphate

back 14

  • prevents formation of cavities by strengthening tooth enamel with fluoride

front 15

Methyl Salicylate

back 15

  • gives toothpaste a pleasant wintergreen flavor

front 16

Which of the following contains chemicals?

A. sunlight

B. fruit

C. milk

D. breakfast cereal

back 16

B,C,D

  • sunlight is an energy given off by the sun therefore does not contains chemicals

front 17

Scientific Method

back 17

  • a set of general principles that helps to describe how a scientist thinks
    1. Observations
    2. Hypothesis
    3. Experiments
    4. Conclusion

front 18

Observations

back 18

  • first step in scientific method
  • information determined by noting and recording a natural phenomenon
  • make observations about nature and ask questions about you observe

front 19

Hypothesis

back 19

  • second step in scientific method
  • propose a hypothesis
  • which states a possible explanation of the observations
  • should be stated in a way that it can be tested by experiments

front 20

Experiments

back 20

  • a procedure that tests the validity of a hypothesis
  • several experiments may be done to test the hypothesis

front 21

Conclusion

back 21

  • an explanation of an observation that has been validated by repeated experiments that support a hypothesis
  • done when the experiments are analyzed
  • conclusion is made as to whether the hypothesis is true or false

front 22

Ones Place (place value)

back 22

  • first place to the left of the decimal point

front 23

Tens Place (place value)

back 23

  • second place to the left of the decimal point

front 24

Tenths Place (place value)

back 24

  • first place to the right of the decimal point

front 25

Hundredths Place (place value)

back 25

  • second place to the right of the decimal point

front 26

Graph

back 26

  • represents the relationship between two variables
  • contains to perpendicular axes
  • has a horizontal axis/ x axis
  • has a vertical axis/ y axis

front 27

Positive Number

back 27

  • any number that is greater than zero and has a positive (+) sign

front 28

Negative Number

back 28

  • any number that is less than zero and is written with e negative (-) sign

front 29

Multiplication and Division of Positive and Negative Numbers

back 29

  • when two positive or two negative number are multiplied or divided, the answer is positive
  • when a positive and a negative number are multiplied or divided, the answer is negative

front 30

Addition of Positive and Negative Numbers

back 30

  • when two positive numbers are added ,the answer is positive
  • when two negative numbers are added, the answer is negative
  • when a positive and a negative are added, the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number and the result has the same sign as the larger number

front 31

Subtraction of Positive and Negative Numbers

back 31

  • when two numbers are subtracted change the sign of the number to be subtracted

front 32

Calculating a Percentage

back 32

  • divide the parts by the total (whole) and multiply by 100

front 33

Solving Equations

back 33

  1. place all like items on one side
  2. isolate the variable we need to solve for
  3. check your answer by substituting your value for x back into the original equations

front 34

Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation

back 34

  • number has two parts
    1. coefficient
      • has to be at least 1 but less than 10
    2. power of 10
  • EXAMPLE:
    • 2400 in scientific notation
    • 2.4 x 10^3

front 35

Scientific Notation on Calculator

back 35

front 36

Scientific Notation

back 36

  • a form of writing large and small numbers using a coefficient that is at least 1 but less then 10 followed by a power of 10