front 1 All of the following normally enter the plant through the roots except ___. | back 1 carbon dioxide. |
front 2 The seed coat's most important function is to provide: | back 2 desiccation resistance. |
front 3 The ovary is most often located on/in the____. | back 3 carpel |
front 4 An adult animal that possesses bilateral symmetry is most certainly also____. | back 4 triploblastic. |
front 5 In terms of food capture, which sponge cell is most similar to the cnidocyte of a cnidarian? | back 5 choanocyte |
front 6 If a plant is infected with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, what is the most probable effect on the plant? | back 6 It will likely grow faster. |
front 7 Chordate pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first as___. | back 7 suspension-feeding devices. |
front 8 The key evolutionary innovation that distinguishes mammals from other chordates is: | back 8 milk |
front 9 Which of the following is NOT a group within Bilatera based on DNA evidence? | back 9 Protostomia |
front 10 Humans most frequently acquire trichinosis by___. | back 10 eating undercooked pork. |
front 11 What do animals as diverse as corals and monkeys have in common? | back 11 presence of Hox genes |
front 12 A sponge's structural materials (spicules, spongin) are manufactured by the___. | back 12 amoebocytes |
front 13 Why are humans considered members of the chordates when we have no notochord, pharyngeal slits, or muscular post-anal tail? | back 13 These chordate traits appear in human embryos |
front 14 Plants contain meristems whose major function is to___. | back 14 produce more cells. |
front 15 The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a____. | back 15 flagellated protist. |
front 16 What should animals with radial symmetry be better able to do than those with bilateral symmetry? | back 16 deal effectively with food distributed homogeneously 360° |
front 17 Both monkeys and apes are located in all of the following groups except? | back 17 Hominins |
front 18 The most ancient branch point in animal phylogeny is that between having___. | back 18 true tissues or no tissues. |
front 19 In which era did the genus Homo arise? | back 19 Cenozoic |
front 20 What is the probable sequence in which the following clades of
animals originated, from earliest to most recent? | back 20 5 → 3 → 2 → 1 → 4 |
front 21 In flowering plants, pollen is released from the____. | back 21 anther. |
front 22 The apical bud of a shoot produces ________, resulting in the inhibition of lateral bud growth. | back 22 auxin |
front 23 Which distinction is given more emphasis by the morphological phylogeny than by the molecular phylogeny? | back 23 protostome and deuterostome |
front 24 The distinction between sponges and other animal phyla is based mainly on the absence versus the presence of___. | back 24 true tissues. |
front 25 Dwarf mistletoe grows on many pine trees in the Rockies. Although the mistletoe is green, it is probably not sufficiently active in photosynthesis to produce all the sugar it needs. The mistletoe also produces haustoria. Thus, dwarf mistletoe growing on pine trees is best classified as____. | back 25 a parasite. |
front 26 All of the following floral parts are involved in pollination or fertilization except | back 26 sepals |
front 27 Which of the following are true of most angiosperms? | back 27 They have a triploid endosperm within the seed and an ovary that becomes a fruit. |
front 28 A plant that has been stored in the dark for a long period of time is placed in a growth chamber with a normal light-dark cycle. The process of______occurs, where the plant starts “greening”. This process is initiated by____within plant cells. | back 28 de-etiolation, phytochrome |
front 29 In the life cycle of an angiosperm, which of the following stages is diploid? | back 29 microsporocyte |
front 30 Why is the amniotic egg considered an important evolutionary breakthrough? | back 30 It allows deposition of eggs in a terrestrial environment. |
front 31 Bilateral symmetry is LEAST associated with: | back 31 the sessile condition |
front 32 What distinguishes a coelomate animal from a pseudocoelomate animal is that coelomates: | back 32 have a body cavity completely lined by mesodermal tissue, whereas pseudocoelomates do not. |
front 33 In the diagram of early embryonic development in animals below, which letter correctly identifies the archenteron? | back 33 C (yellowinsideblue) |
front 34 What are epiphytes? | back 34 plants that grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts |
front 35 In the drawing of a sponge below, the following letters denote which sponge parts: | back 35 A = mesohyl, B = osculum, C = choanocyte, D = spicules, E = amoebocytes |
front 36 The species in the photograph below belongs to which group (stingray)? | back 36 Chondrichthyes |
front 37 What distinguishes complete metamorphosis from incomplete metamorphosis in insects? | back 37 the radically different appearance between adults and earlier life stages |
front 38 Under which conditions would asexual plants have the greatest advantage over sexual plants? | back 38 a relatively constant environment with infrequent disturbances |
front 39 An example of a mutualistic association between a plant and a fungus would be | back 39 mycorrhizae |
front 40 Which of the following is (are) unique to animals? | back 40 nervous conduction and muscular movement |
front 41 Planarians lack dedicated respiratory and circulatory systems because___. | back 41 none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment. |
front 42 The species in the photograph below belongs to which group (anemone)? | back 42 Cnidaria |
front 43 What is typically the result of double fertilization in angiosperms? | back 43 Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed. |
front 44 The plant hormone involved in aging and ripening of fruit is____. | back 44 ethylene |
front 45 True or false. Porifera are diploblasts. | back 45 False |
front 46 All of the following are correct matches for the name of a taxonomic group containing humans and a distinguishing characteristics of that group except? | back 46 class Mammalia: placenta joining fetus and mother, development entirely within uterus |
front 47 Plants growing in a partially dark environment will grow toward light in a response called phototropism. Which of the following statements is true regarding phototropism? | back 47 Auxin causes a growth increase on one side of the stem. |
front 48 Which of the following belongs to the lobe-fin clade? | back 48 tetrapods |
front 49 In the drawing of an amniotic egg below, identify the letters that
correctly associate with theallantois
| back 49 B, C (tip of veiny thing, inner shell) |
front 50 Which of the following are the only extant animals that descended directly from dinosaurs? | back 50 birds |
front 51 Which extant chordates are postulated to be most like the earliest chordates in appearance? | back 51 lancelets |
front 52 Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes "jellies" with boxlike (as opposed to rounded) medusae, as illustrated in the species below? | back 52 Cubozoa |
front 53 In what way do nitrogen compounds differ from other minerals needed by plants? | back 53 Only nitrogen requires the action of bacteria to be made available to plants. |
front 54 The group known as Lophotrochozoa includes about 18 animal phyla and has a huge diversity of body forms. On what basis are these animals thought to be in the same clade? | back 54 DNA sequences |
front 55 A fruit is most commonly____. | back 55 a mature ovary. |
front 56 You are a nature photographer on assignment in Australia. To your surprise and delight, you observe the mammalian species in the photograph below laying eggs. This species must be a: | back 56 monotreme |
front 57 In flowering plants, a mature male gametophyte contains | back 57 two sperm nuclei and one tube cell nucleus. |
front 58 Vertebrates and tunicates share___. | back 58 a notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord. |
front 59 The swim bladder of ray-finned fishes___. | back 59 provides for regulation of buoyancy. |
front 60 Multicellular organisms occur in several clades and dominate three: | back 60 animals, fungi, plants |
front 61 Which of the following is true of members of the phylum Cnidaria? | back 61 They may use a gastrovascular cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton. |