front 1 Designer of steam sterilizers | back 1 Charles Chamberlain |
front 2 Important factors for sterilization | back 2 Type of microorganisms present |
front 3 What is bioburden? | back 3 The number of microorganisms on a contaminated object, also called bio load, or microbial load |
front 4 Transmission of heat from one part to another part of a material. Methods of high temperature sterilization (steam) | back 4 Conduction (solids) |
front 5 Transfer of heat from one point (or molecule) to another as liquid or gas circulates. Methods of high temperature sterilization (steam) | back 5 Convection (liquids or gases) |
front 6 Transfer of heat from one object to another without warming the space between the objects. Methods of high temperature sterilization (steam) | back 6 Radiation |
front 7 Steam sterilization benefits | back 7 Low cost |
front 8 Size of steam sterilizers | back 8 Small table top (clinics and dentists) |
front 9 Component of steam sterilizer - Surrounds top, middle and bottom of the vessel | back 9 Jacket |
front 10 Component of steam sterilizer - weakest part of a steam sterilizer, can be tightened but not loosened while the chamber is under pressure | back 10 Door & Gasket |
front 11 Component of steam sterilizer - Located at the front or center of the floor in most sterilizers | back 11 Chamber drain |
front 12 Component of steam sterilizer - Located in the drain line and is the coolest place in the sterilizer. Controls the flow of air and condensate | back 12 Thermostatic trap |
front 13 Component of steam sterilizer - Provides a written record of sterilization | back 13 Gauges and control monitoring |
front 14 Type of gravity air displacement, typically used in clinics and dentists | back 14 Table top sterilizers |
front 15 What sterilizer operates at 250 degrees F | back 15 Table top sterilizers |
front 16 Small to medium sized sterilizer - hot air is introduced while rising to the top forcing cooler air to the bottom of the chamber | back 16 Gravity Air Displacement Sterilizer |
front 17 What additional items can a Gravity Air Displacement Sterilizer be used for | back 17 Sterilize liquids |
front 18 Similar in construction to gravity sterilizer except that a vacuum pump or water ejector removes the air during preconditioning phase | back 18 Dynamic Air Removal Sterilizer |
front 19 Temperature that Dynamic Air Removal Sterilizer operates at | back 19 270 DF |
front 20 What indicator is used to ensure a Dynamic Air Removal Sterilizer have all air removed | back 20 Bowie Dick |
front 21 Special purpose pressure sterilizer intended for emergency use | back 21 Flash sterilization |
front 22 A sterilizer that uses higher temperatures for shorter exposure times to handle emergency sterilization of dropped instruments | back 22 Flash sterilizer |
front 23 Combination units that wash and sterilize instruments to insure the safety of processing personnel | back 23 Instrument washer (IWS) Sterilizer |
front 24 Steam Sterilizer Cycle phase 1 | back 24 Conditioning |
front 25 Steam Sterilizer Cycle phase 2 | back 25 Exposure |
front 26 Steam Sterilizer Cycle phase 3 | back 26 Exhaust |
front 27 Steam Sterilizer Cycle phase 4 | back 27 Drying |
front 28 Process of sterilizing an item that IS NOT packaged | back 28 Flash (sterilization) |
front 29 The process of sterilizing an item that IS packaged | back 29 Terminal sterilization |
front 30 Passive or active air removal - Gravity | back 30 Passive air removal |
front 31 Passive or active air removal - Pre vacuum steam sterilizer | back 31 Active air removal |
front 32 Passive or active air removal - Pulse (Steam flush SFPP) | back 32 Active air removal - SFPP |
front 33 (STEAM)Once door is closed steam enters at the back portion and strikes a baffle plate to prevent steam from hitting the load | back 33 Conditioning |
front 34 (STEAM) Pressure begins to rise, with temperature, system begins timing the ..... stage | back 34 Exposure |
front 35 (STEAM) At the end of the exposure phase, chamber drains, steam is removed through ..... line | back 35 Exhaust |
front 36 (STEAM) Conclusion of exhaust phase, uses the heat of the chamber walls to activate ..... cycle | back 36 Drying |
front 37 Conditions necessary for effective steam sterilization | back 37 Contact |
front 38 In order to be effective steam sterilizers much reach ........ | back 38 250-270 DF depending on load |
front 39 Inadequate exposure ........ can lead to failure of the process | back 39 Time |
front 40 When boiling water begins the volume increases gently. As it continues water changes to steam and temperature rises | back 40 Time and temperature relationship |
front 41 Steam that contains the maximum amount of water vapor | back 41 Saturated steam |
front 42 Absolute pressure (-)atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi at sea level) also called over pressure | back 42 Gauge pressure (steam) |
front 43 Gauge pressure (psi) + atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi at sea level) | back 43 Absolute pressure (steam) |
front 44 Dry steam: the condition of steam when its temperature is too high relative to pressure in steam table | back 44 Superheated steam |
front 45 Higher elevation = | back 45 Higher psi eg Denver is 3 psi higher than sea level |
front 46 Several environmental factors can reduce its life eg heat, light, acids | back 46 Catheters, tubing, rubber |
front 47 The weight of wrapped basin sets should not exceed .... | back 47 7 pounds |
front 48 What should be moistened with distilled water or demineralized water so air can be more easily displaced | back 48 Lumens |
front 49 Least used and least understood sterilizing agent | back 49 Dry heat |
front 50 Dry heat is a relatively ....... sterilizing agent, and requires ..... temperature | back 50 slow acting / higher |
front 51 Dry heat has the ability to penetrate a variety of materials, including | back 51 oils, petroleum jelly, and closed containers not permeable to steam |
front 52 Dry heat sterilization is achieved by ....... heat | back 52 Conduction |
front 53 Dry heat advantages: | back 53 Can sterilize powers/oils |
front 54 Dry heat disadvantages: | back 54 Difficult to control |
front 55 A heat transfer method in which heat is absorbed by an items exterior surface, and passed inwards to the next layer | back 55 Conduction |
front 56 The process of heat transfer by the circulation of current from one area to another | back 56 Convection |
front 57 As air within the chamber is heated, it rises and displaces cooler air that descends into the lower part of the chamber. | back 57 Gravity Convection |
front 58 Utilizes a blower system to insure even heating throughout the cycle | back 58 Mechanical Convection |
front 59 Devices intended for use with individual units - packs or containers | back 59 Process indicators |
front 60 Systems that reveal a change in one or more predefined process parameters or physical change | back 60 Chemical indicators |
front 61 Tape, load cards, Labels etc | back 61 External indicators |
front 62 Processing indicators used within individual packs to demonstrate that they have been exposed in the sterilization process | back 62 Class 1 indicators |
front 63 Indicators, such as the Bowie Dick | back 63 Class 2 indicators |
front 64 Single parameter indicators to react to one of the critical parameters of sterilization | back 64 Class 3 indicators |
front 65 Multi parameter indicators that react to two or more critical parameter's | back 65 Class 4 indicators |
front 66 Integrating indicators designed to react to all critical parameters over a specified range of sterilization cycles | back 66 Class 5 indicators |
front 67 Label information on sterilization packages etc | back 67 Load control number |
front 68 Number of days that have elapsed since January 1st | back 68 Julian date |
front 69 Include time, temp, pressure records, digital printouts and gauges | back 69 Physical Mechanical Monitoring |
front 70 Geobacillus stearothermaophilus | back 70 Steam sterilizer bacteria |
front 71 Bacillus atrophacus | back 71 Dry heat bacteria |
front 72 Procedures used by equipment manufacturers to obtain, record, and interpret test results in a sterile product | back 72 Validation |
front 73 Procedures used by healthcare facilities to confirm that the validation undertaken by the equipment manufacturer is applicable to the specific setting | back 73 Verification |
front 74 The amount of time to kill 90% of the microorganisms present | back 74 D-Value |
front 75 Death occurs in a definite relationship to time, and this rate is governed by factors including temp, age of test culture | back 75 D-Value Sterilization Effectiveness |
front 76 Caused by abnormal proteins called prions | back 76 Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (CJD aka mad cows disease) |
front 77 Virus like infectious agents that cause neurodegenerative disease | back 77 Prions |
front 78 Solutions that are administered to patients intravenously | back 78 Parental solutions |
front 79 Solutions that are usexd for irrigating, topical application, and surgical use that are given orally or by inhalation | back 79 External solutions |
front 80 The continual movement of water from the atmosphere to the earth and back to the atmosphere | back 80 Hydrologic cycle |
front 81 A water treatment process which dissolves impurities are separated from the water | back 81 Reverse osmosis |
front 82 Can be used to produced distilled water and isotonic solutions | back 82 Flashing technique |
front 83 The probability of a viable microorganism being present on a product unit after sterilization | back 83 Sterility assurance level (SAL) |
front 84 Limits developed by OASHA to indicate the maximum airborne exposure an employee may be exposed to | back 84 Permissible exposure limits (PELs) |
front 85 The employees average airborne exposure in any 8 hour workday | back 85 Time weighted average (TWA) |
front 86 The process by which Ethylene Oxide destroys microorganisms, inability of the cell to metabolize | back 86 Alkylation |
front 87 The act or process of oxidizing - chemical breakdown of nutrients for energy | back 87 Oxidation |
front 88 Process monitoring consist of: | back 88 "4Rs" Run, read, recor, and retain |
front 89 Terminal low sterilization methods | back 89 ETO |
front 90 Low temperature - To be effective it must meet a sterility assurance level of: | back 90 10-6 |
front 91 Toxicity standards low level | back 91 1.0ppm |
front 92 Toxicity standards low level | back 92 1.0ppm |
front 93 Toxicity standards low level | back 93 0.1ppm |
front 94 ETO Benefits | back 94 Small molecule that can penetrate through plastics |
front 95 A process in which a device is subjected to moving air | back 95 Aeration |
front 96 The amount of ETO that remains after they are sterilized | back 96 Residual chemicals |
front 97 Effective alkylating agent that kills wide range of microorganisms, destroys ability to reproduce | back 97 ETO method |
front 98 Popular low sterilization method because of short cycle times that allow faster turn around | back 98 Hydrogen Peroxide (Gas plasma) sterilization method |
front 99 Not compatible with powders and stronger absorbers such as paper, or linen. It cannot be used to process liquids | back 99 Hydrogen Peroxide (Gas plasma) |
front 100 Destroys microorganisms by oxidation, and H2O2 | back 100 Hydrogen Peroxide aka Gas plasma |
front 101 Relatively new low temp sterilization method, requires no sterilant. | back 101 Ozone (O3) |
front 102 Overview ETO | back 102 Alylation |
front 103 Hydrogen perioxide/Plasma Overview | back 103 Oxidation |
front 104 Ozone overview | back 104 Oxidation |