front 1 The skeletal system is composed of what? | back 1 bones, cartilages, joints, ligaments |
front 2 What are the major parts of the skeletal system? | back 2 axial, appendicular |
front 3 How many bones are in the axial skeleton? | back 3 80 |
front 4 What are the major regions of the axial skeleton? | back 4 skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage |
front 5 The skull is formed by two sets of bones. They are? | back 5 Cranial bones, facial bones |
front 6 How many cranial bones are there? | back 6 8 |
front 7 Which cranial bones are paired? | back 7 parietal bones, temporal bones |
front 8 What cranial bones are NOT paired? | back 8 frontal bone, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone |
front 9 Which bone is the anterior portion of the cranium and is one of 4 bones that has a sinus? | back 9 frontal bone |
front 10 Which bones have a sinus? | back 10 frontal bone, maxillary, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone |
front 11 Which bone makes up the superior and lateral aspects of the cranial vault? | back 11 Parietal bones and associated sutures |
front 12 Which bone allows tears to evaporate? | back 12 lacrimal bone |
front 13 Which bone is your cheek? | back 13 zygomatic bone |
front 14 Which bone is your upper jaw? | back 14 maxilla |
front 15 Which bone is your lower jaw? | back 15 mandible |
front 16 Which bone includes the middle nasal concha and perpendicular plate? | back 16 ethmoid bone |
front 17 Which cranial bone is the thinnest? | back 17 temporal bone |
front 18 What is an opening that allows blood vessels and nerves to pass through? | back 18 foramen |
front 19 Which bone is the roof of the mouth? | back 19 palantine bone |
front 20 What condition occurs if the palantine bone does not fuse? | back 20 cleft palette |
front 21 Which bone forms most of the skull's posterior wall and posterior cranial fossa; is the sense of sight? | back 21 occipital bone |
front 22 Which bone includes the sites for attachment for ligamentum nuchae and many neck and back muscles? | back 22 occipital bone |
front 23 Which bone articulates with the 1st vertebrae? | back 23 occipital bone |
front 24 Through which opening does the spinal cord go? | back 24 foramen magnum |
front 25 How many temporal bones are there? | back 25 2 |
front 26 Which bone has four major regions - squamous, tympanic, mastoid and petrous? | back 26 temporal bone |
front 27 This is a complex bat-shaped bone in the cranial vault that has a sinus. | back 27 sphenoid bone |
front 28 This process on the sphenoid bone has muscles attached that allow for jaw movement | back 28 pterygoid processes |
front 29 This is the deepest skull bone, is part of the cranial vault, has a sinus, and is the superior part of the nasal septum | back 29 ethmoid bone |
front 30 How many facial bones are there? | back 30 14 |
front 31 Which facial bones are not paired? | back 31 mandible, vomer |
front 32 Which facial bone is the lower jaw, the longest, strongest bone of the face? | back 32 mandible |
front 33 Which bones are medially fused to form the upper jaw and central portion of the facial skeleton? | back 33 maxillary bones |
front 34 Which facial bones are your cheekbones? | back 34 zygomatic bones |
front 35 Which bones form the bride of the nose? | back 35 nasal bones |
front 36 Which bones are in the medial walls of orbits? | back 36 lacrimal bones |
front 37 Which bones are the posterior one-third of the hard palate, walls of the nasal cavity, and small part of the orbits? | back 37 palatine bones |
front 38 Which bone is plow shaped, the inferior part of the nasal septum? | back 38 vomer |
front 39 What are mucosa-lined, air-filled spaces that enhance the resonance of voice, warm and humidify air, and found in the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones? | back 39 paranasal sinuses |
front 40 Which bone is NOT a bone of the skull, is a horn-shaped free floating bone, movable base for the tongue, and site of attachment for muscles of swallowing and speech? | back 40 hyoid bone |
front 41 How many bones does the vertebral column have? | back 41 26 |
front 42 How many cervical vertebrae are there? | back 42 7 |
front 43 How many thoracic vertebrae are there? | back 43 12 |
front 44 How many lumbar vertebrae are there? | back 44 5 |
front 45 What are the vertebrae of the neck? | back 45 cervical vertebrae |
front 46 What are the vertebrae of the lower back? | back 46 lumbar vertebrae |
front 47 What are the vertebrae of the thoracic cage? | back 47 thoracic vertebrae |
front 48 What is the bone inferior to the lumber vertebrae? | back 48 sacrum |
front 49 What is the terminus of the vertebral column? | back 49 coccyx |
front 50 How many curvatures of the spine are there? | back 50 4 |
front 51 Curvatures are concave or convex. Cervical and lumbar curvatures are...? | back 51 concave posteriorly |
front 52 Curvatures are concave or convex. Thoracic and sacral curvatures are...? | back 52 convex posteriorly |
front 53 Which type of abnormal spine curvature is an abnormal lateral curve? | back 53 scoliosis |
front 54 Which type of abnormal spine curvature is an exaggerated thoracic curvature (hunchback)? | back 54 kyphosis |
front 55 Which type of spine curvature is an accentuated lumbar curvature (swayback)? | back 55 lordosis |
front 56 What do ligaments do? | back 56 attach bone to bone |
front 57 What connects adjacent vertebrae? | back 57 ligamentum flavum |
front 58 What type of ligaments go from the neck to sacrum? | back 58 anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments |
front 59 Which type of ligaments connect each vertebra to those above and below? | back 59 short ligaments |
front 60 What are cushion-like pads composed of two parts? | back 60 intervertebral discs |
front 61 What are intervertebral discs composed of? | back 61 nucleus pulposus, anulus fibrosus |
front 62 What is an inner gelatinous, gives disc it's elasticity and compressibility | back 62 nucleus pulposus |
front 63 What is an outer collar composed of collagen and fibrocartilage? | back 63 anulus fibrosus |
front 64 What are the general structure of vertebrae? | back 64 body or centrum, vertebral arch, vertebral foramina, intervertebral formamina |
front 65 What is the anterior weight-bearing region of the vertebrae? | back 65 body or centrum |
front 66 What is composed of pedicles and laminae that, along with centrum, enclose vertebral foramen? | back 66 vertebral arch |
front 67 What makes up the vertebral canal for spinal cord? | back 67 vertebral foramina |
front 68 What are lateral openings between adjacent vertebrae for spinal nerves? | back 68 intervertebral foramina |
front 69 How many processes are there per vertebrae? | back 69 7 |
front 70 Which process projects posteriorly? | back 70 spinous process |
front 71 Which processes project laterally? | back 71 transverse processes |
front 72 Which processes protrude superiorly? | back 72 superior articular processes |
front 73 Which process protrude inferiorly? | back 73 inferior articular processes |
front 74 What are C1 and C2 cervical vertebrae called? | back 74 atlas, axis |
front 75 How many thoracic vertebrae are there? | back 75 12 |
front 76 Which vertebrae all articulate with ribs at facets and demifacets? | back 76 thoracic vertebrae |
front 77 How many lumbar vertebrae are there? | back 77 5 |
front 78 Which vertebrae receive the most stress, have flat hatchet-shaped spinous processes that point posteriorly? | back 78 lumbar vertebrae |
front 79 What consists of 5 fused vertebrae? | back 79 sacrum |
front 80 What forms the posterior wall of the pelvis? | back 80 sacrum |
front 81 What is the tailbone, 3-5 fused vertebrae, and articulates superiorly with the sacrum? | back 81 coccyx |
front 82 What is composed of the sternum and costal cartilages anteriorly, and ribs laterally? | back 82 thoracic cage |
front 83 What protects vital organs, supports shoulder girdles and upper limbs, and provides attachment sites for muscles of neck, back, chest and shoulders? | back 83 thoracic cage |
front 84 The sternum is composed of three fused bones - they are? | back 84 manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
front 85 What is the superior portion of the sternum that articulates with the clavicles and ribs 1 and 2? | back 85 manubrium |
front 86 What is the midportion of the sternum that articulates with costal cartilage of ribs 2-7? | back 86 body |
front 87 What is the inferior end of the sternum that is the site of muscle attachment, is sword-like, and not ossified until age 40? | back 87 xiphoid process |
front 88 Which ribs are considered true ribs? | back 88 1-7 |
front 89 Which ribs are considered false ribs? | back 89 8-12 |
front 90 Which are the free-floating ribs? | back 90 11-12 |
front 91 How many pairs of ribs are there? | back 91 12 |
front 92 What consists of the bones of the limbs and their girdles? | back 92 appendicular skeleton |
front 93 What attaches the upper limbs to the body trunk? | back 93 pectoral girdle |
front 94 What attaches the lower limbs to the body trunk? | back 94 pelvic girdle |
front 95 Which girdle consists of the clavicles and scapulae? | back 95 pectoral girdle |
front 96 Which bones have cone-shaped sternal ends that articulate with the sternum medially, articulates laterally with the scapula, and anchors muscles? | back 96 clavicle (collarbones) |
front 97 What bones are flat, irregular, with three borders and three angles, on the dorsal surface of the rib cage between ribs 2 and 7? | back 97 scapulae |
front 98 How many bones form the skeletal framework of each upper limb? | back 98 30 |
front 99 What is the largest, longest bone of the upper limb, that articulates inferiorly with the radius and ulna? | back 99 humerus |
front 100 What are the forearm bones? | back 100 radius and ulna |
front 101 What bones make up the hand? | back 101 carpal, metacarpal, phalanges |
front 102 How many carpal bones are in the hand? | back 102 8 |
front 103 How many metacarpal bones are in the hand? | back 103 5 |
front 104 How many phalanges are in the hand? | back 104 14 |
front 105 What is the medial bone in the forearm that forms the major portion of the elbow joint with the humerus? | back 105 ulna |
front 106 What is the lateral bone of the forearm? | back 106 radius |
front 107 What is the palm bone (consists of 5 bones to form the palm)? | back 107 metacarpus |
front 108 What are the finger bones? | back 108 phalanges |
front 109 What is the thumb bone? | back 109 pollex |
front 110 What girdle is composed of two hip bones and sacrum? | back 110 pelvic girdle |
front 111 What attaches lower limbs to the axial skeleton with strong ligaments, transmits the weight of upper body to lower limbs? | back 111 pelvic girdle |
front 112 What bones fuse to form the coxal bone? | back 112 ilium, ischium, pubis |
front 113 What is the superior region of the coxal bone, and articulates with the sacrum? | back 113 ilium |
front 114 What is the posteroinferior part of the hip bone? | back 114 ischium |
front 115 What is the anterior portion of the hip bone? | back 115 pubis |
front 116 What are the segments of the lower limb? | back 116 thigh, leg, foot |
front 117 What are the bones of the thigh? | back 117 femur, patella |
front 118 What is the largest, strongest bone in the body? | back 118 femur |
front 119 What is the sesamoid bone in quadriceps tendon? | back 119 patella |
front 120 What is the medial leg bone, that receives the weight of the body from the femur, transmits to foot? | back 120 tibia |
front 121 What articulates proximally and distally with the tibia, is not weight bearing, does not articulate with the femur, and has several muscles that originate from it? | back 121 fibula |
front 122 The tibia and fibula are connected by what? | back 122 interosseous membrane |
front 123 What are the bones of the foot? | back 123 tarsus, metatarsus, phalanges |
front 124 How many tarsal bones are there? | back 124 7 |
front 125 Body weight is carried primarily by what bones in the foot? | back 125 talus and calcaneus |
front 126 What is the ankle bone? | back 126 Calcaneus |
front 127 How many metatarsals are in the foot? | back 127 5 |
front 128 How many phalanges are in the foot? | back 128 14 |
front 129 What are the types of arches in the foot? | back 129 lateral longitudinal, medial longitudinal, transverse |
front 130 Skulls bones are connected by what? | back 130 fontanelles |
front 131 What abnormality of the skull results when there is no medial fusion of the right and left halves of the palate? | back 131 cleft palate |
front 132 What are the primary curvatures of the spine at birth? | back 132 thoracic and sacral - convex posteriorly |
front 133 What are the secondary spine curvatures after birth? | back 133 cervical and lumbar- convex anteriorly |