front 1 Which of the following adaptations is common to all seed plants? | back 1 -heterospory
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front 2 Which one of the following is true of seed plants, but NOT true of seedless plants? | back 2 The gametophyte is reduced and dependent on the sporophyte. |
front 3 The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____. | back 3 produces spores |
front 4 The closest seedless relatives of seed plants produce one kind of spore that gives rise to a bisexual gametophyte. What does this suggest about the ancestors of seed plants? | back 4 They were homosporous. |
front 5 The eggs of seed plants are fertilized within ovules, and the ovules then develop into _____. | back 5 seeds |
front 6 The cells within pollen grains are _____ and together comprise the _____. | back 6 haploid... male gametophyte |
front 7 Which example below is evidence provided by living gymnosperms of an evolutionary transition between seedless and seed plants? | back 7 The sperm of some gymnosperms have flagella. |
front 8 Seeds have advantages over spores. Which of the following is the best statement of this? | back 8 Seeds contain embryonic plants, an abundant food supply, and a protective covering. |
front 9 Which gymnosperm phylum below is characterized by large cones and fern-like leaves and thrived during the Mesozoic? | back 9 Cycadophyta |
front 10 Dietary supplements and decongestants containing ephedrine have recently become more strongly regulated in the United States. Ephedrine is an extract of a plant belonging to which phylum? | back 10 phylum Gnetophyta |
front 11 What significant change occurred on Earth between the Carboniferous period and the Permian period that most likely contributed to the success of the gymnosperms? | back 11 The climate became drier and warmer. |
front 12 What is located in the scalelike structures packed densely in pollen cones? | back 12 sporangia |
front 13 Each pollen grain of a gymnosperm contains a _____. | back 13 male gametophyte |
front 14 In ovulate cones, megasporocytes undergo _____ and produce _____ megaspores. | back 14 meiossis... haploid |
front 15 In a typical conifer, how long does it take for fertilization to occur after pollination? | back 15 It takes one year. |
front 16 Which types of angiosperms would most likely be wind-pollinated rather than animal-pollinated? | back 16 -maize and wheat
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front 17 Like gymnosperms, many grasses and angiosperm trees are wind-pollinated. To conserve energy, these angiosperms do not produce complete flowers (complete flowers have all four of the basic parts). Which part would be unnecessary for wind-pollinated angiosperms? | back 17 petals |
front 18 The portion of a flower that receives the pollen is the _____. | back 18 stigma |
front 19 During pollination, pollen grains are transferred from the _____ to the _____. | back 19 anther... stigma |
front 20 A pea pod is formed from _____. A pea inside the pod is formed from _____. | back 20 an ovary... and ovule |
front 21 After fertilization, the _____ develops into a seed and the _____ develops into a fruit. | back 21 ovule... ovary |
front 22 Which of the following best describes the function of fruits? | back 22 protection and dispersal of seeds |
front 23 A plant is said to be cross-pollinated if _____. | back 23 pollen grains are transferred from a different flower on the same plant |
front 24 The pollen tube releases two sperm cells into the embryo sac. The result of this is the _____. | back 24 union of one sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus and of the other sperm nucleus with two nuclei of the central cell, forming a triploid nucleus called the endosperm |
front 25 Of the following, which is a difference in how reproduction occurs in gymnosperms compared to angiosperms? | back 25 Only the sperm of angiosperms combine with two central cell nuclei to form triploid endosperm. |
front 26 The triploid nucleus of the embryo sac develops into the _____. | back 26 endosperm |
front 27 In gymnosperms, the seed coat develops from the integument. In angiosperms, the seed coat develops from the _____. | back 27 integuments |
front 28 The vast majority of angiosperms with two cotyledons formerly classified as _____ are now classified as _____. | back 28 dicots... eudicots |
front 29 Which of the following characterizes eudicots? | back 29 two cotyledons, netlike veins, taproot usually present |
front 30 A bright pink flower with deep floral tubes will most likely be pollinated by which mechanism? | back 30 birds with long beaks |
front 31 Six major crops-wheat, rice, maize, potatoes, cassava, and sweet potatoes-constitute what percentage of all the calories consumed by humans? | back 31 80% |
front 32 At current rates of deforestation, tropical rain forests will be eliminated in _____ years. | back 32 200 |
front 33 Besides the plant tissue that humans ingest, which angiosperm tissue is most directly important for human survival? | back 33 xylem |