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Chapter 12- The Cell Cycle A & B

front 1 look at items	back 1 1&2
front 2 Which of the following statements are true of cytokinesis in plant cells? Select the two that apply.	back 2 Vesicles from the Golgi apparatus move along microtubules, coalesce at the plane of cell division, and form a cell plate. The cell plate consists of the plasma membrane and cell wall that will eventually separate the two daughter cells.
front 3 Nucleoli are present during _____.	back 3 interphase
front 4 Cytokinesis often, but not always, accompanies _____.	back 4 telophase

front 5 Chromosomes become visible during _____.	back 5 Prophase
front 6 Centromeres divide and sister chromatids become full-fledged chromosomes during _____.	back 6 anaphase note: During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles.
front 7 Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores during _____.	back 7 prometaphase
front 8 Click on the art to see an animation. This animation illustrates the events of _____.	back 8 anaphase

front 9 Click on the art to see an animation. This animation illustrates the events of _____.	back 9 cytokinesis as it occurs in animal cells
front 10 During prophase a homologous pair of chromosomes consists of _____.	back 10 two chromosomes and four chromatids
front 11 Which of these phases encompasses all of the stages of mitosis?	back 11 E
front 12 During _____ both the contents of the nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided.	back 12 the mitotic phase

front 13 During _____ the cell grows and replicates both its organelles and its chromosomes.	back 13 interphase
front 14 Why do some species employ both mitosis and meiosis, whereas other species use only mitosis?	back 14 They need both if they are producing animal gametes.
front 15 A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids does it contain?	back 15 92
front 16 Why is it difficult to observe individual chromosomes with a light microscope during interphase?	back 16 They have uncoiled to form long, thin strands.

front 17 Starting with a fertilized egg (zygote), a series of five cell divisions would produce an early embryo with how many cells?	back 17 32
front 18 Which of the following is true of kinetochores?	back 18 They are sites at which microtubules attach to chromosomes.
front 19 Which of the following correctly matches a phase of the cell cycle with its description?	back 19 G1: follows cell division
front 20 In some organisms, such as certain fungi and algae, cells undergo the cell cycle repeatedly without subsequently undergoing cytokinesis. What would result from this?	back 20 large cells containing many nuclei

front 21 Which of the following is found in binary fission but not in mitosis?	back 21 Duplicated chromosomes attach to the plasma membrane.
front 22 Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts microfilament formation. How would this interfere with cell division?	back 22 cleavage
front 23 Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely	back 23 a plant cell in the process of cytokinesis.
front 24 Which of these is NOT a carcinogen?	back 24 UV light fat testosterone cigarette smoke all of the above are carcinogens

front 25 _____ is a carcinogen that promotes colon cancer.	back 25 fat
front 26 Which of the following is a function of the S phase in the cell cycle?	back 26 The synthesis of sister chromatids
front 27 The copying of chromosomes occurs during which of the following phases of the cell cycle?	back 27 S phase
front 28 For the first several divisions of early frog embryos, cells proceed directly from the M phase to the S phase and back to M without gaps. Which of the following is likely to be true about dividing cells in early frog embryos?	back 28 The cells get smaller with each generation.

front 29 True or false? The M phase is characterized by the replication and division of a cell's chromosomes.	back 29 False
front 30 If an organism normally has 34 chromosomes, how many molecules of DNA should there be in the G1 phase of the cell cycle?	back 30 34
front 31 Which of the following events would cause the cell cycle to arrest?	back 31 Poor nutrient conditions
front 32 Cells will usually divide if they receive the proper signal at a checkpoint in which phase of the cell cycle?	back 32 G1

front 33 Which of the following is true of benign tumors, but not malignant tumors?	back 33 They remain confined to their original site
front 34 Prior to this new technique, how were mice given cancerous tumors?	back 34 The tumors were implanted under the skin.
front 35 You are an oncologist. A patient presents with advanced prostate cancer and you follow standard protocol. What do you do?	back 35 The patient is treated with chemical castration.
front 36 You are an endocrinologist studying new treatments for prostate cancer. You have a patient with an unusually large level of dihydrotestosterone. Which of the following is true?	back 36 Your patient's cancer has become resistant to the standard treatment.

front 37 Which of the following is true regarding prostate cancer cells?	back 37 They can activate and inactivate certain genes.
front 38 Your uncle has prostate cancer. Which of the following indicates improvement in his condition?	back 38 A decreasing PSA.
front 39 An environmental substance that is known to cause cancer is called a what?	back 39 carcinogen
front 40 Radiation emitted from which of the following two sources are most alike?	back 40 microwaves and cellphones

front 41 You are trying to discover if the pesticide atrazine is a mutagen. Where are you looking for mutations?	back 41 DNA
front 42 Which of the following is true?	back 42 Cancer-causing substances work in many different ways.
front 43 Which of the following best summarizes current scientific opinion regarding cellphones and brain cancer?	back 43 While most studies indicate that cellphones do not cause brain cancer, more research needs to be done as cellphone use increases.
front 44 Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely	back 44 a plant cell in the process of cytokinesis.

front 45 Vinblastine is a standard chemotherapeutic drug used to treat cancer. Because it interferes with the assembly of micro-tubules, its effectiveness must be related to	back 45 disruption of mitotic spindle formation.
front 46 One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells	back 46 continue to divide even when they are tightly packed together.
front 47 The decline of MPF activity at the end of mitosis is due to	back 47 the degradation of cyclin.
front 48 In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytoki-nesis. This will result in	back 48 cells with more than one nucleus.

front 49 Which of the following does not occur during mitosis?	back 49 replication of the DNA
front 50 A particular cell has half as much DNA as some other cells in a mitotically active tissue. The cell in question is most likely in	back 50 G1
front 51 The drug cytochalasin B blocks the function of actin. Which of the following aspects of the animal cell cycle would be most disrupted by cytochalasin B?	back 51 cleavage furrow formation and cytokinesis
front 52 If a eukaryotic cell is in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, which statement about the cell’s chromosomes must be correct?	back 52 Each chromosome is made of a complex of DNA and associated proteins.

front 53 Which statement provides the best description of the interphase portion of the cell cycle?	back 53 During interphase, a cell is metabolically active.
front 54 What is true of all cancers?	back 54 They have escaped normal cell cycle controls.
front 55 How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?	back 55 Cancer cells may be immortal.
front 56 The cell cycle control systems of cancer cells differ from those of normal cells. Select the best explanation for this fact.	back 56 Genetic changes alter the function of the cancer cell’s protein products.