front 1 cell | back 1 collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic units of all forms of life |
front 2 cell theory | back 2 idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from living cells |
front 3 cell membrane | back 3 thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell |
front 4 cell wall | back 4 strong supporting around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria |
front 5 nucleus | back 5 the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons, structure that contains the genetic material(DNA) and controls the cells activities |
front 6 cytoplasm | back 6 material inside cell membrane- not including nucleus |
front 7 prokaryote | back 7 unicellular organism without a nucleus |
front 8 eukaryote | back 8 organism whose cells contain a nuclei |
front 9 organelle | back 9 specialized structure that preforms important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell |
front 10 chromatin | back 10 the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA. |
front 11 chromosome | back 11 a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
front 12 nuclear envelope | back 12 the double membrane structure that surrounds the nucleus in eukaryotic cells and provides this compartmentalization. |
front 13 cytoskeleton | back 13 a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence. |
front 14 microtubule | back 14 a microscopic tubular structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of cells, sometimes aggregating to form more complex structures. |
front 15 microfilament | back 15 a small rodlike structure, about 4–7 nanometers in diameter, present in numbers in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. |
front 16 ribosome | back 16 a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins. |
front 17 endoplasmic reticulum | back 17 a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. |
front 18 Golgi apparatus | back 18 a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport. |
front 19 lysosome | back 19 an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane. |
front 20 vacuole | back 20 a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid. |
front 21 cytoplast | back 21 the intact cytoplasmic content of a single cell. |
front 22 mitochondria | back 22 an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae). |
front 23 cell specialization | back 23 Unicellular organisms are composed of a single cell. Multicellular organisms are composed of many specialized cells. Specialized cells differ in structure (size, shape...) and function (the role they perform in the organism). |
front 24 tissue | back 24 any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products. |
front 25 organ | back 25 a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans. |
front 26 organ system | back 26 In biology, an organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. Organs make up an organism. In the human body, major systems are the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the nervous system and the digestive system. |