front 1 Which of the following areas of study focuses on the exchange of energy, organisms, and materials between ecosystems? | back 1 landscape ecology |
front 2 Which lake zone would be absent in a very shallow lake? | back 2 aphotic zone |
front 3 Which of the following is true with respect to oligotrophic lakes and eutrophic lakes? | back 3 Eutrophic lakes are richer in nutrients |
front 4 Which of the following biomes is correctly paired with the description of its climate? | back 4 tropical forests-nearly constant day length and temperature |
front 5 Which of the following is characteristic of most terrestrial biomes? | back 5 vegetation demonstrating vertical layering |
front 6 The oceans affect the biosphere in all of the following ways except | back 6 regulating the pH of freshwater biomes and terrestrial groundwater |
front 7 Which statement about dispersal is false? | back 7 Dispersal occurs only on an evolutionary time scale |
front 8 When climbing a mountain, we can observe transitions in biological communities that are analogous to the changes | back 8 in biomes at different latitudes |
front 9 Suppose that the number of bird species is determined mainly by the number of vertical strata found in the environment. If so, in which of the following biomes would you find the greatest number of bird species? | back 9 tropical rain forest |
front 10 If the direction of Earth's rotation reversed, the most predictable effect would be | back 10 winds blowing from west to east along the equator |
front 11 Population ecologists follow the fate of same-age cohorts to | back 11 determine the birth rate and death rate of each group in a population |
front 12 A population's carrying capacity | back 12 may change as environmental conditions change |
front 13 Scientific study of the population cycles of the snowshoe hare and its predator, the lynx, has revealed that | back 13 multiple biotic and abiotic factors contribute to the cycling of the hare and lynx populations |
front 14 Based on current growth rates, Earth's human population in 2012 will be closest to | back 14 7 billion |
front 15 A recent study of ecological footprints concluded that | back 15 the ecological footprint of the United States is large because per capita resource use is high |
front 16 The observation that members of a population are uniformly distributed suggests that | back 16 the members of the population are competing for access to a resource |
front 17 According to the logistic growth equation | back 17 population growth is zero when N equals K |
front 18 Which pair of terms most accurately describes life history traits for a stable population of wolves? | back 18 iteroparous; K-selected |
front 19 During exponential growth, a population always | back 19 grows at its maximum per capita rate |
front 20 Which of the following statements about human population in industrialized countries is incorrect? | back 20 Life history is r-selected |
front 21 The feeding relationships among the species in a community determine the community's | back 21 trophic structure |
front 22 The principle of competitive exclusion states that | back 22 two species that have exactly the same niche cannot coexist in a community |
front 23 Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, a community's species diversity is increased by | back 23 moderate levels of disturbance |
front 24 According to the equilibrium model of island biogeography, species richness would be greatest on an island that is | back 24 large and close to a mainland |
front 25 Keystone predators can maintain species diversity in a community if they | back 25 prey on the community's dominant species |
front 26 Food chains are sometimes short because | back 26 most of the energy in a trophic level is lost as it passes to the next higher level |
front 27 Which of the following could qualify as top-down control on a grassland community? | back 27 effect of grazing intensity by bison on plant species diversity |
front 28 The most plausible hypothesis to explain why species richness is higher in tropical than in temperate regions is that | back 28 tropical regions generally have more available water and higher levels of solar radiation |