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Exercise 17: Histology of Nervous Tissue

front 1 THE BASIC FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS THE NEURON. WHAT IS THE MAJOR FUNCTION OF THIS CELL TYPE?	back 1 TO TRANSMIT AND GENERATE MESSAGES (NERVE IMPULSES) FROM ONE PART OF THE BODY TO ANOTHER.
front 2 NAME FOUR TYPES OF NEUROGLIA IN THE CNS, AND LIST A FUNCTION FOR EACH OF THESE CELLS.	back 2 1. ASTROCYTES, HELPS REGULATE THE EXTRACELLULAR COMPOSITION OF BRAIN FLUID. 2. EPENDYMAL CELLS, SECRETES CEREBROSPINAL FLUID & HELPS MOVE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD. 3. MICROGLIA, ARE PHAGOCYTIC CELLS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) 4. OLIGODENDROCYTES, FORM PART OF THE MYELIN SHEATHS OF AXONS WITHIN THE CNS.
front 3 NAME THE PNS GLIAL CELL THAT FORMS MYELIN.	back 3 SCHWANN CELLS
front 4 NAME THE PNS GLIAL CELL THAT SURROUNDS DORSAL ROOT GANGLION NEURONS.	back 4 SATELLITE CELLS

front 5 THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD COLLECTIVELY	back 5 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
front 6 SPECIALIZED SUPPORTING CELLS IN THE CNS	back 6 NEUROGLIA
front 7 JUNCTION OR POINT OF CLOSE CONTACT BETWEEN NEURONS	back 7 SYNAPSE
front 8 A BUNDLE OF NERVE PROCESSES INSIDE THE CNS	back 8 NERVE

front 9 NEURON SERVING AS PART OF THE CONDUCTION PATHWAY BETWEEN SENSORY AND MOTOR NEURONS	back 9 INTERNEURON
front 10 Ok, so you’re using my notecards which is great. I am glad I could help you out cause I wish I had someone to help me out when I took this course. I know Anatomy is super hard	back 10 I only ask that if you find these notecards helpful, you join Easy Notecards and create at least one notecard set to help others out. It can be for any subject or class. Thanks and don’t forget to rate my helpfulness!
front 11 GANGLIA AND SPINAL AND CRANIAL NERVES	back 11 TRACT
front 12 COLLECTION OF NERVE CELL BODIES FOUND OUTSIDE THE CNS	back 12 GANGLION

front 13 NEURON THAT CONDUCTS IMPULSES AWAY FROM THE CNS TO MUSCLES AND GLANDS	back 13 EFFERENT NEURON
front 14 NEURON THAT CONDUCTS IMPULSES TOWARD THE CNS FROM THE BODY PERIPHERY	back 14 AFFERENT NEURON
front 15 CHEMICALS RELEASED BY NEURONS THAT STIMULATE OR INHIBIT OTHER NEURONS OR EFFECTORS	back 15 NEUROTRANSMITTERS
front 16 REGION OF THE CELL BODY FROM WHICH THE AXON ORIGINATES	back 16 AXON HILLOCK

front 17 SECRETES NEUROTRANSMITTERS	back 17 AXON TERMINAL
front 18 RECEPTIVE REGION OF A NEURON	back 18 DENDRITE
front 19 INSULATES THE NERVE FIBERS	back 19 MYELIN SHEATH
front 20 SITE OF THE NUCLEUS AND MOST IMPORTANT METABOLIC AREA	back 20 NEURONAL CELL BODY

front 21 MAY BE INVOLVED IN THE TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES WITHIN THE NEURON	back 21 NEUROFIBRIL
front 22 ESSENTIALLY ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, IMPORTANT METABOLICALLY	back 22 NISSL BODIES
front 23 IMPULSE GENERATOR AND TRANSMITTER	back 23 AXON
front 24 DRAW A "TYPICAL" MULTIPOLAR NEURON. INCLUDE ANDD LABEL THE FOLLOWING STRUCTURES ON YOUR DIAGRAM: CELL BODY, NUCLEUS, NUCLEOLUS, nISSL bODIES, DENDRITES, AXON, AXON COLLATERAL BRANCH, MYELIN SHEATH, NODES OF RANVIER, AXON TERMINALS, AND NEUROFIBRILS.	back 24

front 25 WHAT SUBSTANCE IS FOUND IN SYNAPTIC VESICLES OF THE AXON TERMINAL?	back 25 NEUROTRANSMITTER
front 26 WHAT ROLE DOES THIS SUBSTANCE PLAY IN NEUROTRANSMISSION? (NEUROTRANSMITTER)	back 26 IT DIFFUSES ACROSS THE SYNAPTIC CLEFT TO BIND TO MEMBRANE RECEPTORS ON THE NEXT NEURON; INITIATING AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT (SYNAPTIC POTENTIAL).
front 27 WHAT ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTIC DETERMINES WHETHER A PARTICULAR NEURON IS CLASSIFIED AS UNIPOLAR, BIPOLAR, AND MULTIPOLAR?	back 27 THEIR DIFFERENTIATED ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF PROCESSES ATTACHED TO THE CELL BODY.
front 28 MAKE A SIMPLE LINE DRAWING OF EACH TYPE: UNIPOLAR, BIPOLAR, OR MULTIPOLAR	back 28

front 29 CORRECTLY IDENTIFY THE SENSORY (AFFERENT) NEURON, INTERNEURON (ASSOCIATION NEURON), AND MOTOR (EFFERENT) NEURON IN THE FIGURE.	back 29
front 30 WHICH OF THESE NEURON TYPES IS/ARE UNIPOLAR?	back 30 SENSORY (AFFERENT) NEURON
front 31 WHICH IS/ARE MOST LIKELY MULTIPOLAR?	back 31 INTERNEURON (ASSOCIATION NEURON)
front 32 DESCRIBE HOW THE SCHWANN CELLS FROM THE MYELIN SHEATH AND THE NEURILEMMA ENCASING THE NERVE PROCESSES.	back 32 SCHWANN CELLS WRAP THEMSELVES TIGHTLY AROUND THE AXON IN A JELLYROLL FASHION; AND THE NEURILEMMA IS A EXPOSED PLASMA MEMBRANE, HAS MANY SCHWANN CELLS AND IS A DISCONTINOUS SHEATH.

front 33 WHAT IS A NERVE?	back 33 A NERVE IS A BUNDLE OF NEURON FIBERS (AXONS) WRAPPED IN CONNECTIVE TISSUE COVERING THAT EXTENDS TO AND FROM THE CNS AND VISCERAL ORGANS OR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY PERIPHERY.
front 34 STATE THE LOCATION OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING CONNECTIVE TISSUE COVERINGS. ENDONEURIUM, PERINEURIUM, EPINEURIUM	back 34 ENDONEURIUM - INNER MOST LAYER, AN ADDITIONAL SHEATH THAT SURROUNDS THE MYELIN SHEATH. PERINEURIUM - MIDDLE LAYER, BOUNDS GROUPS OF FIBERS, FORMS BUNDLES OF FIBERS. EPINEURIUM - OUTER MOST LAYER, BOUNDS FASCICLES TOGETHER, FORMS THE CORDLIKE NERVE.
front 35 WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE WRAPPINGS FOUND IN A NERVE?	back 35 TO INSULATE FROM OTHER PROCESSES AND TO BIND AND FORM BUNDLES, AND TO PROTECT.
front 36 DEFINE MIXED NERVE	back 36 A NERVE CARRYING BOTH SENSORY (AFFERENT) AND MOTOR (EFFERENT) FIBERS. MOST NERVES OF THE BODY, INCLUDING ALL SPINAL NERVES ARE MIXED NERVES.

front 37

IDENTIFY ALL INDICATED PARTS OF THE NERVE SECTION.

back 37