front 1 The broad pattern of evolution above the species level | back 1 Macroevolution |
front 2 What are the four main stages through which simple cells were first produced | back 2 1. Abiotic synthesis of small organic molecules (amino acids and nitrogenous basis)
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front 3 Droplets with membranes that maintained an internal chemistry different from that of their surroundings | back 3 Protocells |
front 4 What was earths early atmosphere like? | back 4 Reducing environment (electron adding) |
front 5 Why was it unclear if early earth was to be reducing? | back 5 Because it wasn't known if there was enough ammonia and methane |
front 6 What must all organisms be able to carry out? | back 6 Reproduction and metabolism |
front 7 Fluid filled compartments bounded by a membrane like strucutre | back 7 Vesicle |
front 8 RNA catalysts | back 8 Ribozymes |
front 9 Technique for dating the age of fossils based on the decay of radioactive isotopes | back 9 Radioactive dating |
front 10 Time required for 50% of the parent isotope to decay | back 10 Half life |
front 11 What are the first two eons of earths history? | back 11 Archean and protozoic |
front 12 The last half billion years encompassing most of the time that animals have exisisted on earth | back 12 Phanerozoic |
front 13 What are the three subdivisions of the Phanerozoic time period? | back 13 Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic |
front 14 Are layered rocks that form when certain prokaryotes bind thin films of sediment togather | back 14 Stromatolites |
front 15 What are some of the more complex organizations that eukaryotes have that prokaryotes don't? | back 15 Nuclear envelope, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, cytoskeleton |
front 16 Posits that mitochondria and plastids were formerly small prokaryotes living within larger cells | back 16 endosymbiont theory |
front 17 Supposes that mitochondria evolved before plastids through a series of endosymbiotic events | back 17 Serial endosymbiosis |
front 18 Many present day animal phyla appear suddenly in fossils formed early in the Cambrian period | back 18 Cambrian explosion |
front 19 What are the 5 big mass extinctions? | back 19 Permian, cretaceous, |
front 20 Periods of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill different ecological roles in their communities | back 20 Adaptive radiations |
front 21 An evolutionary change in the rate or timing of developmental events | back 21 heterochrony |
front 22 If reproductive organ development accelerates compared to other organs, the sexually mature stage of a species may retain body features that were juvenile in ancestral species | back 22 paedomorphosis |
front 23 When a structure that has evolved in one context becomes co-opted for another purpose | back 23 Exaptations |