front 1 Most of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are
| back 1 D) invisible.
|
front 2 Electromagnetic waves consist of
| back 2 B) oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
|
front 3 The fact that light travels at 300,000 km/s is a consequence of
| back 3 D) energy conservation.
|
front 4 The source of all electromagnetic waves is
| back 4 C) accelerating electric charges.
|
front 5 The main difference between a radio wave and a light wave is its
| back 5 E) two of these
|
front 6 Which of these electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?
| back 6 C) X-rays
|
front 7 Compared to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is
| back 7 B) longer.
|
front 8 Compared to radio waves, the velocity of visible light waves in a vacuum is
| back 8 C) the same
|
front 9 If an electric charge is shaken up and down
| back 9 D) a magnetic field is created.
|
front 10 If an electron vibrates up and down 1000 times each second, it generates an electromagnetic wave having a
| back 10 D) frequency of 1000 Hz.
|
front 11 Which of the following is fundamentally different from the others?
| back 11 A) sound waves
|
front 12 The natural frequency of the atoms in glass is in the
| back 12 C) ultraviolet part of the spectrum.
|
front 13 When ultraviolet light is incident upon glass, atoms in the glass
| back 13 B) resonate.
|
front 14 When visible light is incident upon clear glass, atoms in the glass
| back 14 A) are forced into vibration.
|
front 15 Consider light energy that is momentarily absorbed in glass and then re-emitted. Compared to the absorbed light, the frequency of the re-emitted light is
| back 15 C) the same.
|
front 16 The speed of light in the void between molecules in glass is
| back 16 B) the same as its speed in a vacuum.
|
front 17 Compared to its average speed in air, the average speed of a beam of light in glass is
| back 17 B) less.
|
front 18 Infrared waves are often called heat waves because they
| back 18 C) induce resonance in molecules and increase internal energy in a substance.
|
front 19 Materials generally become warmer when light is
| back 19 A) absorbed by them.
|
front 20 Sunburns are produced by
| back 20 A) ultraviolet light.
|
front 21 The Earth's atmosphere is transparent to most waves in the
| back 21 B) visible part of the spectrum.
|
front 22 A lunar eclipse occurs when the
| back 22 B) moon passes into Earth's shadow.
|
front 23 A solar eclipse occurs when the
| back 23 C) the moon's shadow touches Earth.
|
front 24 A partial solar eclipse occurs for people in the sun's
| back 24 B) penumbra
|
front 25 While Earth is experiencing a total solar eclipse, an observer on the side of the moon facing the Earth would see
| back 25 D) a tiny dark spot move across the face of Earth.
|
front 26 The sensation of color is seen when light falls on the eye's
| back 26 B) cones.
|
front 27 The cones in the retina of the eye are
| back 27 A) most densely packed at the center of vision.
|
front 28 Red-hot and blue-hot stars appear white to the eye because
| back 28 B) they are too dim to fire the cones.
|
front 29 In the periphery of our vision, we are
| back 29 C) sensitive to movement, but cannot see color.
|
front 30 Information-carrying nerves are connected to the retina at
| back 30 B) the blind spot.
|
front 31 The size of the pupil of your eye depends on
| back 31 E) two of these
|
front 32 If a light signal and a radio signal were emitted simultaneously from Alpha Centauri, the first to reach Earth would be the
| back 32 C) both would reach Earth at the same time.
|
front 33 Which of the following cannot travel in a vacuum?
| back 33 B) a sound wave
|
front 34 The main difference between a radio wave and a sound wave is their different
| back 34 E) modes of travel.
|
front 35 If the sun were to disappear right now, we wouldn't know about it for 8 minutes because it takes 8 minutes
| back 35 C) for light to travel from the sun to the Earth.
|
front 36 Glass is transparent to wave frequencies that
| back 36 B) are below its natural frequencies.
|
front 37 Glass is opaque to wave frequencies that
| back 37 A) match its natural frequencies.
|
front 38 A pair of sunglasses and a pair of clear reading glasses are left in the sunlight. The hotter glasses would be the
| back 38 A) sunglasses.
|
front 39 The moon would be at its fullest just before the time of a
| back 39 B) lunar eclipse.
|
front 40 What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency of 1 hertz?
| back 40 C) more than 1 m
|
front 41 What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency of 3 kilohertz?
| back 41 C) more than 1 km
|
front 42 What is the frequency of an electromagnetic wave that has a wavelength of 300,000 km?
| back 42 B) 1 Hz
|
front 43 The main difference between the retina of a human eye and that of a dog's eye is the
| back 43 B) absence of cones in a dog's retina.
|
front 44 Things seen by moonlight usually aren't colored because moonlight
| back 44 B) is too dim to activate the retina's cones.
|
front 45 At the same time an astronaut on the moon sees a solar eclipse, observers on Earth see
| back 45 A) a lunar eclipse.
|
front 46 Color depends on what characteristic of light?
| back 46 A) its frequency
|
front 47 When the frequency of light matches the natural frequency of molecules in a material, light is
| back 47 A) absorbed.
|
front 48 The color of an opaque object is the same as the light that is
| back 48 C) reflected.
|
front 49 What color light is transmitted by a piece of blue glass?
| back 49 C) blue
|
front 50 The brightest color emitted by the sun is
| back 50 C) yellow-green.
|
front 51 The solar radiation curve is
| back 51 C) a plot of brightness of sunlight versus its frequency.
|
front 52 Which will warm up quicker in sunlight?
| back 52 A) a piece of colored glass
|
front 53 Light shines on a pane of green glass and a pane of clear glass. The temperature will be higher in the
| back 53 B) green glass.
|
front 54 The colored dots that make up the color on a TV screen are
| back 54 B) red, blue, green.
|
front 55 If three primary colors of light are to shine on a white wall to produce a white spot, the primaries must be
| back 55 A) additive.
|
front 56 Complementary colors are two colors that
| back 56 D) produce white light when added together.
|
front 57 The complementary color of blue is
| back 57 D) cyan.
|
front 58 Magenta light is really a mixture of
| back 58 A) red and blue light.
|
front 59 Colors seen on TV results from color
| back 59 A) addition.
|
front 60 Colors seen on the cover of our physics book result from color
| back 60 B) subtraction.
|
front 61 How many colors of ink are used to print full-color pictures?
| back 61 C) three plus black
|
front 62 Different colors of light correspond to different light
| back 62 D) frequencies.
|
front 63 A mixture of red and green pigments appears
| back 63 E) blackish brown.
|
front 64 A mixture of cyan and yellow pigments appears
| back 64 B) green.
|
front 65 Look at a full-color picture in a magazine with a magnifying glass and you'll see that the inks used are
| back 65 D) magenta, cyan, yellow, and black.
|
front 66 Which interacts more with sounds of relatively high frequencies?
| back 66 B) small bells
|
front 67 Which interacts more with light of relatively high frequencies?
| back 67 B) small particles
|
front 68 The sky is blue because air molecules in the sky act as tiny
| back 68 B) resonators which scatter blue light.
|
front 69 A whitish sky is evidence that the atmosphere contains
| back 69 C) a mixture of particle sizes.
|
front 70 Sunsets are red, blue jays are blue; the reason's the same:
| back 70 A) scattered sunlight – nothing new.
|
front 71 The sky is the deepest blue
| back 71 C) just after a rainstorm.
|
front 72 Red sunsets are due to lower frequencies of light that
| back 72 D) survive being scattered in the air.
|
front 73 The sun is more likely to appear red at sunset than in the middle of the day as a result of the
| back 73 B) longer path of air through which sunlight travels.
|
front 74 A variety of sunset colors is evidence for a variety of
| back 74 C) atmospheric particles.
|
front 75 The whiteness of clouds is evidence in the clouds for a variety of
| back 75 A) particle sizes.
|
front 76 The greenish blue of water is evidence for the
| back 76 D) absorption of red light.
|
front 77 The part of the electromagnetic spectrum most absorbed by water is
| back 77 A) infrared.
|
front 78 A red crab very deep in water, where sunlight is dim, appears
| back 78 E) no color – black.
|
front 79 A sheet of red paper will look black when illuminated with
| back 79 D) cyan light.
|
front 80 A blue object will appear black when illuminated with
| back 80 C) yellow light.
|
front 81 If sunlight were green instead of white, the most comfortable color to wear on a hot day would be
| back 81 C) green.
|
front 82 If sunlight were green instead of white, the most comfortable color to wear on a cold day would be
| back 82 A) magenta.
|
front 83 Distant dark colored hills appear blue because that is the color of the
| back 83 A) atmosphere between the observer and the hills.
|
front 84 Distant snow covered hills appear yellowish because that is the color of the
| back 84 C) reflected light that survives scattering.
|
front 85 If molecules in the sky scattered orange light instead of blue light, sunsets would be colored
| back 85 D) blue.
|
front 86 If the atmosphere were about 40 times thicker, at noon the sun would appear
| back 86 A) red-orange.
|
front 87 The atmosphere of Jupiter is more than 1000 km thick. From the planet's surface, the noon-day sun would appear
| back 87 D) none of these
|
front 88 On a planet where atmospheric gases are red, distant dark colored hills would look
| back 88 D) reddish.
|
front 89 On a planet where atmospheric gases are yellow, distant snow covered hills would look
| back 89 A) bluish.
|
front 90 The redness of the lunar eclipse is evidence for the
| back 90 A) refraction of sunsets and sunrises all around the world.
|
front 91 Light is emitted when
| back 91 A) electron clouds of atoms are forced into oscillation.
|
front 92 Light will almost always travel from one place to another along a path of least
| back 92 B) time.
|
front 93 The incident light ray, the reflected light ray, and the normal between them
| back 93 A) lie in the same plane.
|
front 94 Object and image for a plane mirror lie
| back 94 B) equal distances from the mirror.
|
front 95 The amount of light reflected from the front surface of a common windowpane is about
| back 95 A) 4 percent.
|
front 96 Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is
| back 96 B) large compared to the wavelength of the light used.
|
front 97 A surface that is considered rough for infrared waves may be polished for
| back 97 A) radio waves.
|
front 98 When light reflects from a surface, there is a change in its
| back 98 E) none of these
|
front 99 If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, the relative speed between you and your image is
| back 99 C) twice your speed.
|
front 100 The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image is
| back 100 A) half your height.
|
front 101 To see his full height, a boy that is 1 meter tall needs a mirror that is at least
| back 101 B) 0.50 m tall.
|
front 102 You wish to photograph the image of your little sister, who is standing 2 meters from a plane mirror. Holding the camera beside her head, you should set the distance for
| back 102 D) 4 meters.
|
front 103 A diver shines light up to the surface of a smooth pond at a 10-degree angle to the normal. Some light passes into the air above, and the part that reflects back into the water makes an angle to the normal of
| back 103 B) 10 degrees.
|
front 104 A yellow-white candle flame reflected from a piece of red glass shows two images; one from each surface.
| back 104 B) One image is yellow-white and the other red.
|
front 105 When you look at yourself in a pocket mirror, and then hold the mirror farther away, you see
| back 105 C) the same amount of yourself.+
|
front 106 It is difficult to see the roadway in front of you when you are driving on a rainy night mainly because
| back 106 D) the film of water on the roadway makes the road less diffuse.
|
front 107 Standing at the shore of a still lake, the reflected view of scenery on the far side of the lake is the view you would see if you were upside down with your eye in the line of sight
| back 107 C) directly beneath you, as far below water level as you are above.
|
front 108 Figure 28-A
| back 108 B) twice as large.
|
front 109 The inversion of your image in a plane mirror is actually an inversion of
| back 109 C) front-back.
|
front 110 Figure 28-B
| back 110 B) slightly rough.
|
front 111 Ninety-five percent of light incident on a mirror is reflected. How much light is reflected when three of these mirrors are arranged so light reflects from one after the other?
| back 111 C) 86%
|
front 112 Figure 28-C
| back 112 B) 3 images.
|
front 113 As a light ray enters or exits a water-air interface at an angle of 15 degrees with the normal, it
| back 113 A) always bends toward the normal.
|
front 114 When light passes through an ordinary window pane, its angle of emergence is
| back 114 C) the same as its angle of incidence.
|
front 115 Light travels fastest in
| back 115 C) a vacuum.
|
front 116 Atmospheric refraction makes the daylight hours a bit
| back 116 A) longer.
|
front 117 A mirage is a result of atmospheric
| back 117 B) refraction.
|
front 118 The twinkling of the stars is a result of atmospheric
| back 118 B) refraction.
|
front 119 Refraction results from differences in light's
| back 119 C) speed.
|
front 120 Light refracts when traveling from air into glass because light
| back 120 E) travels slower in glass than in air.
|
front 121 At night an underwater scuba diver aims his flashlight beam toward the surface at an angle of 15 degrees with the normal. Upon emerging, the beam angle will be
| back 121 C) more than 15 degrees.
|
front 122 When a light beam emerges from water into air, the average light speed
| back 122 A) increases.
|
front 123 Refraction causes the bottom of a swimming pool to appear
| back 123 B) closer to the surface than it actually is.
|
front 124 The average speed of light is greatest in
| back 124 A) red glass.
|
front 125 Different colors are dispersed by a prism because different colors in the prism have different
| back 125 B) speeds.
|
front 126 Rainbows are not usually seen as complete circles because
| back 126 A) the ground is usually in the way.
|
front 127 A single raindrop illuminated by sunshine disperses
| back 127 C) all the colors of the rainbow.
|
front 128 When you view a distant rainbow, each single water drop contributes to the bow
| back 128 A) a single color.
|
front 129 The secondary rainbow is dimmer than the primary rainbow because
| back 129 E) of an extra reflection and refraction in the drops.
|
front 130 The critical angle for a transparent material is the angle at and beyond which all light within the material is
| back 130 B) reflected.
|
front 131 The critical angle is least in which of the following?
| back 131 C) diamond
|
front 132 In optical fibers of uniform density, light actually
| back 132 B) travels in straight-line segments.
|
front 133 Optical fibers are now used by
| back 133 D) all of these
|
front 134 Your image in a plane mirror is
| back 134 A) virtual.
|
front 135 The type of lens that spreads parallel light is a
| back 135 B) diverging lens.
|
front 136 Which of the following can be projected onto a viewing screen?
| back 136 A) a real image
|
front 137 A "burning glass" used to concentrate sunlight in a tiny spot is a
| back 137 A) converging lens.
|
front 138 The image of the "infinitely-far-away" sun produced by a converging lens appears
| back 138 B) at the focal point.
|
front 139 Figure 28-D
| back 139 A) always inverted.
|
front 140 When the pinhole in a pinhole camera is made larger, the image is
| back 140 A) brighter.
|
front 141 Your vision is sharpest when your pupil is
| back 141 B) constricted.
|
front 142 Chromatic aberration is absent in
| back 142 C) front surface plane mirrors.
|
front 143 Chromatic aberration is a consequence of different colors in a lens having different
| back 143 E) speeds.
|
front 144 When a light ray passes at a non-90 degree angle from water into air, it
| back 144 B) bends away from the normal.
|
front 145 Fermat's principle of least time applies to
| back 145 C) both of these
|
front 146 Fermat's principle of least time could also be the principle of least distance for the case of
| back 146 A) reflection.
|
front 147 A beam of light travels fastest in
| back 147 D) air.
|
front 148 When seen from an airplane, a rainbow sometimes forms a complete circle. When this happens, the plane's shadow is
| back 148 A) in the center of the rainbow.
|
front 149 A fish outside water will see better if it has goggles that are
| back 149 C) filled with water.
|
front 150 Which of the following are consequences of light's traveling at different speeds in different media?
| back 150 D) all of these
|
front 151 Stars twinkle when seen from the Earth. When seen from the moon, stars
| back 151 C) don't twinkle.
|
front 152 Atmospheric refraction tends to make daytimes
| back 152 A) longer.
|
front 153 If a fish looks upward at 45 degrees with respect to the water's surface, it will see
| back 153 C) the sky and possibly some hills.
|
front 154 Rainbows exist because light is
| back 154 C) both of thes
|
front 155 A person standing waist-deep in a swimming pool appears to have short legs because of light
| back 155 E) refraction.
|
front 156 Different colors of light travel at different speeds in a transparent medium. In a vacuum, different colors of light travel at
| back 156 B) the same speed.
|
front 157 When white light goes from air into water, the color that refracts the most is
| back 157 D) violet.
|
front 158 The refraction of light in a diamond is greater for
| back 158 B) short-wavelength light.
|
front 159 A primary rainbow is brighter than a secondary rainbow because
| back 159 B) there is one less reflection inside the water drops.
|
front 160 Figure 28-F
| back 160 C) both of these
|
front 161 Objects infinitely far away are focused by a converging lens
| back 161 B) at the focal point.
|
front 162 If you wish to spear a fish with a regular spear, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water and throw your spear
| back 162 C) below the sighted fish.
|
front 163 Figure 28-G
| back 163 B) No. Blue light would make an image closer to the lens.
|
front 164 If you wish to hit a red fish with a red laser beam, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water by aiming your laser
| back 164 A) directly at the sighted fish.
|
front 165 If you wish to hit a blue fish with a red laser beam, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water by aiming your laser
| back 165 C) below the sighted fish.
|
front 166 If you wish to send a beam of laser light to a space station that is just above the atmosphere near the horizon, you should aim your laser
| back 166 C) along your line of sight.+
|
front 167 A person who sees more clearly under water without eyeglasses or a face mask is
| back 167 A) nearsighted.
|
front 168 A mirage occurs for surfaces that are
| back 168 C) both of these
|
front 169 A mirage occurs for road surfaces that are
| back 169 A) warm.
|
front 170 When light is refracted, there is a change in its
| back 170 B) wavelength.
|
front 171 The moon's redness during a lunar eclipse results from
| back 171 D) refraction by the Earth's atmosphere of Earth's sunrises and sunsets.
|
front 172 When a pulse of white light is incident on a piece of glass, strictly speaking, the first color to emerge is
| back 172 A) red.
|
front 173 Magnification from a lens would be greater if light
| back 173 C) traveled slower in glass than it does.
|
front 174 When taking a picture of a nearby object, your camera lens should be moved
| back 174 B) farther than one focal length from the film.
|
front 175 Ninety percent of light incident on a certain piece of glass passes through it. How much light passes through two pieces of this glass?
| back 175 B) 81%
|
front 176 As monochromatic light passes from air to glass and back to air, changes are observed in its
| back 176 C) wavelength and speed.
|
front 177 If the speed of light in a medium is 2 × 108 m/s, the medium's index of refraction is
| back 177 B) 0.67.
|
front 178 According to Huygens' principle, every point on a wave
| back 178 B) behaves as a source of new waves.
|
front 179 Consider plane waves incident upon a barrier with a small opening. After passing through the opening, the waves
| back 179 B) fan out.
|
front 180 Diffraction is more pronounced through relatively
| back 180 A) small openings.
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front 181 Waves diffract the most when their wavelength is
| back 181 B) long.
|
front 182 The type of radio waves that is diffracted the most around small buildings are
| back 182 A) AM.
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front 183 To perceive greater detail a dolphin emits sounds of
| back 183 B) higher frequency.
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front 184 For viewing tiny objects in a microscope, diffraction is
| back 184 B) a hindrance.
|
front 185 For radio reception, diffraction is
| back 185 A) helpful.
|
front 186 Diffraction is a result of
| back 186 C) interference.
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front 187 Newton's rings are a demonstration of
| back 187 E) interference.
|
front 188 Interference is a property of
| back 188 D) all of these
|
front 189 Colors seen when gasoline forms a thin film on water are a demonstration of
| back 189 E) interference.
|
front 190 Iridescent colors seen in the pearly luster of an abalone shell are due to
| back 190 E) interference.
|
front 191 Polarization is a property of
| back 191 A) transverse waves.
|
front 192 The vibrational direction of the electron and the plane of polarization of the light it emits
| back 192 A) are the same.
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front 193 Some double-pane airplane windows darken when the inner pane is rotated. The panes are
| back 193 B) Polaroid filters.
|
front 194 Light will not pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are
| back 194 B) perpendicular.
|
front 195 The glare seen from water is largely
| back 195 A) horizontally polarized.
|
front 196 The polarization axes of ordinary sunglasses are
| back 196 A) vertical.
|
front 197 The polarization axes of glasses for 3-D viewing are
| back 197 C) at right angles to each other.
|
front 198 Viewing exact duplicates of slides in the left and right positions of a stereo projector produces
| back 198 B) no depth.
|
front 199 The function of polarizing filters in viewing 3-D slides or movies is to provide each eye
| back 199 C) an independent left or right-hand view.
|
front 200 A property of non-cubic transparent crystals is that light travels through them
| back 200 D) at different speeds along different optic axes.
|
front 201 A property of non-cubic transparent crystals is that polarized light that travels through them
| back 201 C) is rotated.
|
front 202 An inventor proposes to equip an office with a polarized source of background music and let those who prefer not to hear it wear polarizing earplugs. His idea is
| back 202 D) nonsense – you can't polarize a sound wave.
|
front 203 A hologram is simply a
| back 203 A) complex diffraction grating.
|
front 204 Interference colors in a soap bubble give evidence that the soap film
| back 204 C) both of these
|
front 205 Interference colors for light are analogous to
| back 205 E) beats for sound.
|
front 206 When long-wavelength light is seen in the interference colors of a soap bubble, the wavelength being cancelled is relatively
| back 206 B) short.
|
front 207 When you view a soap film by white light coming from almost behind your head, you see a certain color. A friend on the other side of the film likely sees
| back 207 B) a different color.
|
front 208 Monochromatic light is light of a single
| back 208 D) all of these
|
front 209 Consider the interference colors seen in a film of gasoline on a wet street. The function of the water is to provide a
| back 209 D) second reflecting surface.
|
front 210 A thin film appears blue when illuminated with white light. The color being cancelled by destructive interference is
| back 210 E) none of these
|
front 211 The spacing of Newton's rings will be greater with
| back 211 A) red light.
|
front 212 Which of the following is a property of light waves, but not of sound waves?
| back 212 D) polarization
|
front 213 The amount of light from an incandescent lamp that is transmitted through an ideal Polaroid filter is half, and through a real Polaroid filter is
| back 213 A) less than half.
|
front 214 An ideal Polaroid will transmit 50% of unpolarized light incident on it. How much light is transmitted by two ideal Polaroids that are oriented with their axes parallel to each other?
| back 214 B) 50%
|
front 215 A painting looks less flat when viewed with
| back 215 A) one eye.
|
front 216 Holograms employ the principle of
| back 216 C) both of these
|
front 217 Magnification can be accomplished with a hologram when viewed with light that has a
| back 217 A) longer wavelength than the original light.
|
front 218 The spacings between double-slit interference fringes is increased if the slits are
| back 218 A) closer together.
|
front 219 Interference effects are less visible for thick films because the reflected waves
| back 219 D) are too displaced to interfere.
|
front 220 Camera lenses coated with a layer of transparent material of the right thickness are almost completely non-reflective for light near the middle of the visible spectrum. They do, however, reflect a significant amount of
| back 220 E) red and violet.
|
front 221 Because of absorption, a Polaroid will actually transmit 40% of incident unpolarized light. Two such Polaroids with their axes aligned will transmit
| back 221 D) between 0% and 40%.
|
front 222 Light from a lit match comes from
| back 222 A) electrons.
|
front 223 To say that energy levels in an atom are discrete is to say the energy levels are well defined and
| back 223 A) separate from one another.
|
front 224 Electrons with the greater potential energies with respect to the atomic nucleus are
| back 224 B) outer electrons.
|
front 225 An excited atom is an atom
| back 225 B) that has one or more displaced electrons.
|
front 226 Light is emitted when an electron
| back 226 B) makes a transition to a lower energy level.
|
front 227 An atom that absorbs a photon of a certain energy can then emit
| back 227 D) only a photon of the same or lower energy.+
|
front 228 A throbbing pulse of electromagnetic radiation is called a
| back 228 B) photon.
|
front 229 The energy of a photon is related to
| back 229 D) all of these
|
front 230 The highest frequency light of those below is
| back 230 D) violet.
|
front 231 Which color of light carries the most energy per photon?
| back 231 D) violet
|
front 232 Ultraviolet light is
| back 232 C) electromagnetic energy.
|
front 233 Compared to the energy of a photon of red light, the energy of a photon of blue light is
| back 233 B) more.
|
front 234 Atoms of neon in a glass tube can be excited
| back 234 B) over and over again.
|
front 235 The variety of colors seen in a burning log comes from the variety of
| back 235 B) electron transitions in various atoms.
|
front 236 Fluorescent minerals on display in museums are illuminated with
| back 236 B) ultraviolet light.
|
front 237 The greater proportion of energy immediately converted to heat rather than light occurs in
| back 237 B) an incandescent lamp.
|
front 238 Light from two closely spaced stars will not produce a steady interference pattern at the Earth's surface because of
| back 238 A) incoherence.
|
front 239 A photographer wishes to use a safety light in the darkroom that will emit low-energy photons. The best visible color to use is
| back 239 E) none of these
|
front 240 Discrete spectral lines occur when excitation takes place in a
| back 240 C) gas.
|
front 241 Light frequency from an incandescent lamp depends on the
| back 241 B) rate of atomic and molecular vibrations.
|
front 242 Isolated bells ring clear, while bells crammed in a box have a muffled ring. If the sound of isolated bells is analogous to light from a gas discharge tube, then sound from the box crammed with bells is analogous to light from
| back 242 C) an incandescent lamp.
|
front 243 An atom that emits a certain frequency of light is
| back 243 B) an absorber of the same frequency.
|
front 244 The dark lines in the sun's spectrum represent light that is
| back 244 A) absorbed by the sun's atmosphere.
|
front 245 Spectral lines take the shape of vertical lines because
| back 245 B) they are simply images of a vertical slit.
|
front 246 Helium was first discovered in the
| back 246 C) sun.
|
front 247 Astronomers can tell whether a star is approaching or receding from Earth by
| back 247 D) the Doppler effect.
|
front 248 Atoms can be excited by
| back 248 D) all of these
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front 249 Compared to the energy put into a laser, the energy of the laser beam is
| back 249 B) less.
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front 250 In the process of fluorescence, part of the input energy immediately
| back 250 A) becomes internal energy and the rest lower-frequency light.
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front 251 The white light emitted by a fluorescent lamp is provided by the
| back 251 B) phosphors on the inner surface of the lamp.
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front 252 The main visible difference between phosphorescent and fluorescent materials is
| back 252 A) an afterglow.
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front 253 Light from a laser is
| back 253 D) all of these
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front 254 The efficiency of classroom lasers is typically
| back 254 A) about one percent.
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front 255 The fact that the air you breathe doesn't give off much visible light indicates that most of the electrons of its atoms are
| back 255 A) in the ground state.
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front 256 Green light emitted by excited mercury vapor corresponds to a particular energy transition in the mercury atom. A more energetic transition might emit
| back 256 B) blue light.
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front 257 If the energy levels in the neon atom were not discrete, neon signs would glow
| back 257 B) white.
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front 258 If light in a spectroscope were passed through a star-shaped opening instead of a thin slit, spectral lines would appear as
| back 258 B) stars.
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front 259 If light in a spectroscope passed through round holes instead of slits, spectral lines would appear
| back 259 B) round.
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front 260 The fact that iron absorption lines occur in the solar spectrum directly indicates that there is iron in the solar
| back 260 A) atmosphere.
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front 261 A certain object emits infrared waves. If it were to emit light waves instead, its temperature would have to be
| back 261 A) higher.
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front 262 Which of the following continually emits electromagnetic radiation?
| back 262 D) all of these
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front 263 Sometimes a flashlight filament glows red instead of white. This indicates a lowness of
| back 263 D) all of these
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front 264 The radiation curve for a "red hot" object peaks in the
| back 264 A) infrared region.
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front 265 The radiation curve for a "blue hot" object peaks in the
| back 265 D) ultraviolet region.
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front 266 A paint pigment that absorbs red light and gives off blue light
| back 266 E) doesn't exist.
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front 267 A paint pigment that absorbs blue light and gives off red light
| back 267 D) is fluorescent or phosphorescent.
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front 268 The absorption of an infrared photon that excites an atom to emit a green photon
| back 268 C) violates the law of energy conservation.
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front 269 The hottest star is the star that glows
| back 269 C) blue.
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front 270 Comparing the light from a glowing tube of neon gas with light in the beam of a helium-neon laser, we find the greater number of spectral lines in light from the
| back 270 A) neon gas tube.
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front 271 The red laser beam from a helium-neon laser corresponds to a spectral line of
| back 271 B) neon.
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front 272 For absorption spectra to exist
| back 272 B) partially absorbent material must exist between the light source and spectroscope.
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front 273 Light from a phosphorescent source
| back 273 E) none of these
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front 274 Which light source is more energy-efficient?
| back 274 A) a fluorescent lamp
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front 275 The energy of a photon depends on its
| back 275 B) frequency.
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front 276 Some minerals glow when illuminated with ultraviolet light. This is because
| back 276 A) ultraviolet photons kick atomic electrons in the mineral into higher energy states.
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front 277 Some light switches glow in the dark after the lights are turned off. This is because of
| back 277 D) a time delay between excitation and de-excitation.
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front 278 A watch dial that continues to glow after a week in the dark is almost certainly
| back 278 D) radioactive
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front 279 The Doppler effect from the back-and-forth motion of atoms in a glowing discharge tube tends to make the spectral lines slightly
| back 279 A) thicker.
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front 280 The spectral lines are more distinct when viewed in a mercury vapor lamp under
| back 280 B) low pressure.
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front 281 Under very high pressure, the spectrum of a mercury vapor lamp begins to look like that from
| back 281 A) an incandescent source.
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front 282 Materials can be heated until "red hot." If some material is heated until it is "green hot," then
| back 282 C) its molecules would be vibrating at nearly identical rates.
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front 283 If the radiation curve for an incandescent object peaks in the green region, the object would appear
| back 283 E) white
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front 284 No laser can emit more energy than is put into it. Can a laser emit more power than is put into it?
| back 284 B) Yes, although not continuously.
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front 285 As a solid is gradually heated, the first color to glow is
| back 285 A) red.
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