front 1 What is matter | back 1 anything that occupies space and has mass |
front 2 What is all matter composed of | back 2 elements |
front 3 What are elements | back 3 elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through ordinary chemical reactions |
front 4 What is each element composed of | back 4 atoms |
front 5 What is an atom | back 5 smallest piece of the element that has the same physical and chemical properties of the element |
front 6 where are protons located | back 6 nucleus |
front 7 where are neutrons located | back 7 nucleus |
front 8 where are electrons located | back 8 orbitals |
front 9 what is the charge of the proton | back 9 positive |
front 10 what is the charge of the neutron | back 10 neutral |
front 11 what is the charge of the electron | back 11 negative |
front 12 are atoms are neutral | back 12 yes |
front 13 how many electrons does the first orbit hold | back 13 2 |
front 14 how many electrons does the 2nd and so forth orbits hold | back 14 8 |
front 15 what is the atomic number | back 15 equal to the number of protons |
front 16 what is the mass number | back 16 the number of protons plus the number of neutrons |
front 17 What happens to electrons during an ionic bond | back 17 electrons are transfered |
front 18 what results from the formation of ions (charge) | back 18 ionic bond |
front 19 what is a positive ion called | back 19 cation |
front 20 what is a negative ion called | back 20 anion |
front 21 what happens to electrons during a covalent bond | back 21 the electrons are shared |
front 22 what kind of sharing happens during a polar covalent bond | back 22 unequal sharing |
front 23 what kind of sharing happens in a nonpolar covalent bond | back 23 equal sharing |
front 24 where do hydrogen bonds occur | back 24 in polar covalent bonds |
front 25 what is a hydrogen bond | back 25 it is a weak bond between atoms of other molecules |
front 26 When do chemical reactions occur | back 26 when chemical bonds are formed, broken or rearranged |
front 27 Name the three types of chemical reactions | back 27 synthesis, decomposition, and exchange |
front 28 All synthesis reactions in the body are referred to as | back 28 anabolic |
front 29 A+B=AB | back 29 synthesis reaction |
front 30 What is the other name for a breakdown reactions | back 30 decomposition reactions |
front 31 AB=A+B | back 31 decomposition reaction |
front 32 decomposition reactions are referred to as | back 32 catabolic reactions |
front 33 What reactions involves bonds being made and broken | back 33 exchange reactions |
front 34 AB+CD=AD=CB | back 34 exchange reaction |
front 35 reactions that release energy are called | back 35 exergonic |
front 36 reactions that absorb energy are called | back 36 endergonic |
front 37 reactions are classified based on what | back 37 whether energy is used or released |
front 38 reactions can also be classified based on | back 38 if water is used up or released |
front 39 AB=CD+H2O | back 39 dehydration reaction |
front 40 AB+H2O=CD | back 40 hydrolysis |
front 41 reactions can also be classified as | back 41 reversible and nonreversible |
front 42 What affects the rate of the chemical reaction | back 42 temperature, concentration, particle size, and catalyst |
front 43 what does the ph scale measure | back 43 the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution |
front 44 what is ph 7 considered | back 44 neutral |
front 45 what is ph <7 considered | back 45 acid |
front 46 what is a ph >7 considered | back 46 alkaline (base) |
front 47 The higher the hydrogen ion concentration is means the solution is | back 47 more acidic |
front 48 the three things that keep the blood at its proper level are | back 48 respiratory system, renal system and a buffer |
front 49 What is energy | back 49 the capacity to do work |
front 50 what are two forms of energy | back 50 potential and kinetic |
front 51 what is potential energy | back 51 energy stored that could do work but is not doing it |
front 52 what is kinetic energy | back 52 energy that is actually doing work |
front 53 What are the four types of energy | back 53 electrical, electromagnetic, chemical and heat |
front 54 what are organic compounds | back 54 compounds that contain carbon except, CO AND CO2 |
front 55 What is the basic building block of carbohydrates | back 55 monosaccharide |
front 56 what are the three monosaccharides of importance | back 56 glucose, fructose, and galactose C6H12O6 |
front 57 What are two monosaccharides joined together | back 57 disaccharide |
front 58 what is glucose +fructose | back 58 sucrose |
front 59 what is glucose + galactose | back 59 lactose |
front 60 what is glucose+glucose | back 60 maltose |
front 61 Which polysaccharides are not digestible | back 61 cellulose and hemicellulose/fiber |
front 62 which polysaccharides are digestible | back 62 glycogen (animals)and starch (plants) |
front 63 What are the roles of carbohydrates in the body | back 63 provide energy, store energy, form cell structure provides bulk to the feces |
front 64 how many calories are in 1 gm of carbohydrate | back 64 4 |
front 65 carbohydrates store energy in the form of | back 65 glycogen |
front 66 what are the building blocks of protein | back 66 amino acids |
front 67 how many different types of proteins are there | back 67 20 |
front 68 how many amino acids need to be joined together to be called a protein | back 68 4 |
front 69 protein structure:primary
| back 69 peptide bond
|
front 70 protein structure:secondary
| back 70 hydrogen bond
|
front 71 protein structure: tertiary
| back 71 sulfur bond
|
front 72 protein structure:quaternary
| back 72 orientation of subunits
|
front 73 What role do protein play in the body | back 73 provides calories,stores calories, help to fight infection, carry oxygen, makes skin and hair tough, skin flexible and taut, digest food, hormones (except reproductive ones) |
front 74 what does lipids consist of | back 74 fats, phospholipids, steroids (cholesterol) |
front 75 what are the basic building blocks of lipids | back 75 glycerol and fatty acids |
front 76 1G+1FA= | back 76 Monoglyceride |
front 77 1G+2FA= | back 77 Diglyceride |
front 78 1G+3FA= | back 78 Triglyceride |
front 79 what is the worst kind of fat | back 79 saturated fat |
front 80 C-C-C-C-C-C | back 80 saturated fat |
front 81 C=C-C-C-C-C | back 81 monounsaturated |
front 82 C=C=C-C-C-C | back 82 polyunsaturated |
front 83 what are the roles of fat in the body | back 83 provides calories, stores energy around organs, helps in the absorption of soluble vitamins A,D,E,K, reproductive hormones |
front 84 how many calories in 1gm of fat | back 84 9 |
front 85 what are the two classes of nucleic acids | back 85 DNA and RNA |
front 86 what are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids | back 86 nucleotides |
front 87 each nucleotide consist of | back 87 sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base |
front 88 what sugar does RNA have | back 88 ribose |
front 89 what sugar does DNA have | back 89 deoxyribose |
front 90 Name the nitrogenous bases | back 90 adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil |
front 91 which nitrogenous base is not in RNA | back 91 thymine |
front 92 which nitrogenous base is not in DNA | back 92 uracil |
front 93 A double helix structure is called the | back 93 DNA |
front 94 a single stranded molecule is called the | back 94 RNA |
front 95 adenine always pairs with either | back 95 T or U |
front 96 Guanine always pairs with | back 96 C |
front 97 Function of ATP | back 97 store energy, sources of immediate energy |
front 98 what is ATP made of | back 98 sugar (ribose), phosphate, nitrogenous base (adenine) |
front 99 where is ATP stored | back 99 between the second and third phosphate molecule |