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29 notecards = 8 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Digestive system part 2

front 1

Which digestive organ contains millions of deep gastric pits?

back 1

The stomach

front 2

Each gastric pit is connected to gastric glands. Name the types of cells in the gastric glands.

back 2

1) parietal cells (secrete HCL & intrinsic factor).

2) Chief cells/zymogen cells (secrete pepsinogen).

3) Enteroendocrine cells (secrete gastrin)

front 3

How often is the stomach surface epithelium renewed?

back 3

Every 3 to 6 days

front 4

Name the three segments of the small intestine.

back 4

Duodenum, jejunum and ileum

front 5

True or false: the duodenum is connected to the pyloris of stomach.

back 5

True: it receives chyme from the stomach and digestive secretions from the liver and pancreas.

front 6

Which section of the small intestine contains Peyer's Patches?

back 6

the ileum (NOT ilium!)

front 7

In which section of the small intestine does most of the body's nutrient absorption occur?

back 7

the jejunum (middle section)

front 8

Name the six main parts of the large intestine.

back 8

Cecum, Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum.

front 9

As the large intestine transitions from the ascending colon to the descending colon, it makes a turn. What is that turn called?

back 9

The right colic flexure (or hepatic flexure)

front 10

Inside each villi of the small intestine there is a structure called a lacteal. What body system is the lacteal part of?

back 10

Lymphatic system (it is a lymphatic capillary that transports the fat/lipids from our small intestine to the body)

front 11

Where in the body do we absorb the majority of the water that we consume?

back 11

In the small intestine

front 12

Where would you find teniae coli, haustra and epiploic appendages?

back 12

The large intestine

front 13

True or false: the large intestine contains numerous villi.

back 13

False, there are no villi in the large intestine

front 14

What is the term for the last portion of the rectum?

back 14

The anus

front 15

There are two circular muscles in the anorectal canal. What are they called?

back 15

The internal anal sphincter (smooth muscle; involuntary)

The external anal sphincter (skeletal muscle; voluntary)

front 16

What organ is divided into a right lobe, a left lobe, a caudate lobe and a quadrate lobe?

back 16

The liver!

front 17

What are liver cells called?

back 17

Hepatocytes

front 18

Which structure delivers nutrient rich blood to the liver for processing?

back 18

The hepatic portal vein (the blood in the hepatic portal vein comes directly from the intestines)

front 19

Name the structure within a hepatic lobule that
is an open passageway between adjacent plates and
allows blood to flow from the periperhy into the central vein.

back 19

Sinusoid

front 20

Which three structures make up a hepatic triad?

back 20

a branch of:
1) hepatic portal vein
2) hepatic artery proper
3) bile duct

front 21

What substance does the liver secrete into the gall bladder?

back 21

Bile

front 22

Name the functions of the liver (there are four).

back 22

1) vitamin storage
2) mineral storage
3) detoxification of wastes & toxins
4) drug inactivation (since drugs taken orally first go through the liver, they are partially metabolized before reaching the target organ- this is the "first pass effect")

front 23

True or false: the liver contains a large blood reservoir.

back 23

True. This makes it difficult to heal.

front 24

True or false: the gall bladder produces bile

back 24

false, it only stores and modifies it

front 25

The process of bile salts breaking down lipid (fat) droplets is called...

back 25

emulsification

front 26

Name the duct that runs from the gall bladder to the common hepatic duct.

back 26

The cystic duct

front 27

True or false: the pancreas is both an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland

back 27

True- it secrets enzymes into ducts and also secretes hormones into the blood stream

front 28

Pancreatic enzymes are secreted into small ducts which drain into a larger duct. Name the larger duct.

back 28

Pancreatic duct (duct of Wirsing)

front 29

True or false: bile and pancreatic juices are released into the duodenum through the same opening

back 29

True. The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct join up before entering the duodenum. They release their secretions through the duodenal papilla.