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Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology-Exercise 3

front 1

What are aseptic techniques?

back 1

are procedures used to avoid introducing unwanted microbes and to prevent spreading microbes where they are not wanted.

front 2

Who successfully transferred Bacillus anthracis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis between diseased animals and laboratory media?

back 2

Robert Koch

front 3

What is an inoculating loop?

back 3

is a Nichrome wire held with and insulated handle.
It is used for transferring bacteria between library media and microscope slides.

front 4

The inoculating loop is sterilized by?

back 4

Heating or flaming - in in flame until the loop is red hot

front 5

What were the first bacteria cultures grown in?

back 5

broth (liquid) such as infusions and blood

front 6

What were the first solids used to grow cultures?

back 6

potato starch, coagulated egg white and meat

front 7

What did Robert Koch use?

back 7

gelatin

front 8

Who suggested agar to Koch?

back 8

Angelina Hess

front 9

Do you sterilize an inoculating loop before or after the transfer of bacteria?

back 9

both- in the hottest part of the flame

front 10

What do you call a medium whose exact chemical composition is known?

back 10

chemically defined medium

front 11

What is a complex media?

back 11

media for which the exact chemical composition varies slightly from batch to batch

front 12

Organic carbon, energy, nitrogen sources are usually supplied by ____________________ and________.

back 12

protein in the form of meat extracts and partially digested proteins called peptones.

front 13

Nutrient broth is?

back 13

liquid complex medium-when agar is added it becomes a solid medium called nutrient agar

front 14

What is agar?

back 14

marine red algae
liquefies at 100*C

front 15

Media must be sterilized after preparation true or false?

back 15

true

front 16

What is the most common method of sterilizing culture media that are heat stable?

back 16

steam sterilization or autoclaving
process by which it is steamed under pressure heated to 121*C at 15 pounds of pressure (psi)
for 15 minutes

front 17

How do you store a sample in a petri dish?

back 17

upside down with the agar at the top otherwise moisture will form

front 18

What does inoculated mean?

back 18

that microbes will be intentionally introduced onto nutrient agar and into nutrient broth

front 19

What do you call the time that bacteria are inoculated into culture media and they increase?

back 19

incubation period

front 20

When liquid media becomes turbid it is__________.

back 20

cloudy

front 21

What is a colony?

back 21

a population of cells that arises from a single bacterial cell.

front 22

A colony-forming unit is?

back 22

A colony may arise from a group of the same microbes attached to one another.

front 23

Bacterial growth in broth

back 23

1. clear no bacteria
2. turbid-cloudy
3. pellicle and turbid- cloudy and a film
4.flocculent-chunks suspended
5. sediment- bottom

front 24

What is TNTC?

back 24

too numerous to count

front 25

You use a loop or needle with?

back 25

Liquid-nutrient broth/ loop or needle
solid- agar slant- loop or needle zig-zag when inserting bacteria
semi-solid (agar deeps) needle/stab streak

front 26

What are bacteria using for nutrients in nutrient agar?

back 26

peptones or meat extracts

front 27

Why do some bacteria go to top?

back 27

They thrive in oxygen and oxygen is richer at the top

front 28

Purpose of agar deeps?

back 28

to determine motility and to culture bacteria that require a lower core of oxygen