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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
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14 notecards = 4 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

ANS / SMNS

front 1

Afferent Neurons

back 1

Sensory neurons take input toward CNS. Attach to sensory receptors.

front 2

Efferent Neurons

back 2

Motor neurons take output away from CNS. Attach to effectors (muscles and glands)

front 3

Central Nervous System

back 3

Composed of mostly cell bodies of neurons.

Brain (gray matter =cell bodies; white matter =axons

Spinal Cord

front 4

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

back 4

Nervous system through out body except brain & spinal cord.
Contains
-Afferent (from Somatic, Special & Visceral Senses)
-Efferent (to Somatic & Autonomic Effectors which also split into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions)

front 5

Nerve

back 5

Bundle of axons (nerve fibers) in PNS.

*Tract/Pathway = bundle of axons in CNS

front 6

Ganglia

back 6

Cluster of cell bodies in PNS

front 7

Nervous System Functions

back 7

  1. control center & communication system
  2. maintain homeostasis
  3. Sensation →Integration (Processing) →Response

front 8

Divisions of the Efferent Nervous System

back 8

Somatic →Skeletal Muscle *usually voluntary from cerebral cortex
Autonomic →Sympathetic (fight/flight)
→Parasympathetic (rest/digest)
Symp & Para both go to Cardiac muscle / Smooth Muscle / Glands

front 9

Somatic Nervous System (SNS) of Efferent Nervous System

back 9

Part of Efferent Peripheral Nervous System
Usually voluntary
No Ganglia
Control Skeletal Muscle (effectors)
One Synapse →ALWAYS ACh "cholinergic" and ALWAYS excitatory (open Na+ & cause depolarization for muscle contraction)

front 10

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

back 10

Part of Efferent Peripheral Nervous System
Involuntary (controlled by Pons / Medulla Oblongata / Hypothal)
Controls Cardiac Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Glands (effectors)
Including: Cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive urinary, reproductive functions
Splits into 2 divisions:
Sympathetic (fight/flight) & Parasympathetic (rest/digest)

front 11

Sympathetic Nervous System

back 11

Fight or Flight Response
Part of Autonomic Nervous System
Dual innervation (with Parasympathetic) to Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands.

front 12

Parasympathetic Nervous System

back 12

Rest & Digest or Feed & Breed
Part of Autonomic Nervous System
Dual innervation (with Sympathetic) to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands

front 13

ANS anatomical route from CNS to Effector

back 13

Preganglionic Neuron→Synapse (ACh & Excitatory "Cholinergic")→Postganglionic Neuron→
*Sympathetic Div= release Norepinephrine "Adrenergic" →Effector
*Parasympathetic = release ACh "Cholinergic"→Effector
Postganglionic NE can be excitatory or inhibitory

front 14

Norepinephrine

back 14

Usually released as Neurotransmitter
Released from Adrenal Medulla releases diretly into blood vessels
Prolongs sympathetic response (fight/flight)