front 1 How do all viruses differ from bacteria? -Viruses are not composed of cells. -Viruses are filterable. -Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. -Viruses do not have any nucleic acid. -Viruses do not reproduce. | back 1 Viruses are not composed of cells. |
front 2 A feature that may be found in viruses but never in bacteria is -an ability to infect more than one type of host. -they cannot reproduce themselves outside a host. -the ability to pass through 0.22 micrometer pore filters. -may contain an RNA genome. -a sensitivity to antibiotics. | back 2 may contain an RNA genome. |
front 3 Which of the following statements about viral spikes is FALSE? -They may cause hemagglutination. -They bind to receptors on the host cell surface. -They are found only on nonenveloped viruses. -They are used for attachment. -They are composed of carbohydrate-protein complexes. | back 3 They are found only on nonenveloped viruses. |
front 4 Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses? | back 4 biochemical tests |
front 5 Which of the following is NOT utilized to culture viruses? | back 5 culture media |
front 6 Bacteriophages and animal viruses do NOT differ significantly in which one of the following steps? | back 6 biosynthesis |
front 7 The definition of lysogeny is | back 7 phage DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA. |
front 8 A viroid is a(n) | back 8 infectious piece of RNA without a capsid. |
front 9 In Figure 13.1, which structure is a complex virus? | back 9 b |
front 10 The morphological types of viruses illustrated in Figure 13.1 are ultimately determined by the | back 10 nucleic acid. |
front 11 A clear area against a confluent "lawn" of bacteria is called a | back 11 plaque. |
front 12 Continuous cell lines differ from primary cell lines in that | back 12 continuous cell lines can be maintained through an indefinite number of generations. |
front 13 Which of the following is necessary for replication of a prion? | back 13 PrPSc |
front 14 A persistent infection is one in which | back 14 the disease process occurs gradually over a long period. |
front 15 An example of a persistent viral infection is | back 15 Varicellavirus infection. |
front 16 Lysogeny can result in all of the following EXCEPT | back 16 immunity to reinfection by any phage. |
front 17 Which of the following would be the first step in biosynthesis of a virus with a - (minus) strand of RNA? | back 17 synthesis of double-stranded RNA from an RNA template |
front 18 An infectious protein is a | back 18 prion. |
front 19 An envelope is acquired during which of the following steps? | back 19 release |
front 20 Which of the following statements is NOT true of lysogeny? | back 20 It causes lysis of host cells. |
front 21 An example of a latent viral infection is | back 21 cold sores. |
front 22 A virus's ability to infect an animal cell depends primarily upon the | back 22 presence of receptor sites on the cell membrane. |
front 23 An unknown virus with a single, positive sense strand of RNA and an envelope most likely belongs to which group? | back 23 togavirus |
front 24 The mechanism whereby an enveloped virus leaves a host cell is called | back 24 budding. |
front 25 The most conclusive evidence that viruses cause cancers was provided by | back 25 cancer that developed in chickens following injection of cell-free filtrates. |
front 26 Bacteriophages derive all of the following from the host cell EXCEPT | back 26 lysozyme. |
front 27 Bacteriophage replication differs from animal virus replication because only bacteriophage replication involves | back 27 injection of naked nucleic acid into the host cell. |
front 28 Generally, in an infection caused by a DNA-containing virus, the host animal cell supplies all of the following EXCEPT | back 28 DNA polymerase. |
front 29 Which of the following places these items in the correct order for DNA-virus replication? | back 29 2; 3; 4; 1 (DNA synthesis, Transcription, Translation, Maturation) |
front 30 A viral species is a group of viruses that | back 30 has the same genetic information and ecological niche. |
front 31 Viruses that utilize reverse transcriptase belong to which virus families? | back 31 Hepadnaviridae and Retroviridae. |
front 32 DNA made from an RNA template will be incorporated into the virus capsid of | back 32 Hepadnaviridae. |
front 33 Which of the following statements about viruses is FALSE? | back 33 Viruses use their own catabolic enzymes. |
front 34 A lytic virus has infected a patient. Which of the following would best describe what is happening inside the patient? | back 34 The virus is causing the death of the infected cells in the patient. |
front 35 Some viruses, such as human herpesvirus 1, infect a cell without causing symptoms. These are called | back 35 latent viruses. |
front 36 Which line on the graph in Figure 13.2 would show the number of viruses present in a person with shingles (human herpesvirus 3)? | back 36 e |
front 37 During which time on the graph in Figure 13.2 would a patient with influenza show symptoms? | back 37 c |
front 38 The third step in the multiplication of herpesviruses is | back 38 uncoating. |
front 39 The fourth step in the multiplication of retroviruses is | back 39 synthesis of double-stranded DNA. |
front 40 Oncogenic viruses | back 40 cause tumors to develop. |
front 41 Which one of the following steps does NOT occur during multiplication of a picornavirus? | back 41 synthesis of DNA |
front 42 Which of the following is most likely a product of an early gene? | back 42 DNA polymerase. |
front 43 Most RNA viruses carry which of the following enzymes? | back 43 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. |
front 44 What is NOT true regarding viruses that infect plants? | back 44 They are often cultured in embryonated chicken eggs. |
front 45 What contributes to antigenic shift in influenza viruses? | back 45 a segmented genome. |
front 46 ________ were first identified in cancer-causing viruses and can induce ________ in infected cells. | back 46 Oncogenes; transformation. |
front 47 What is an oncogene? | back 47 an altered form of a gene that may induce cancer. |
front 48 What is the key characteristic of a transformed cell? | back 48 has acquired tumor-forming properties. |
front 49 Shingles is an example of | back 49 reactivation of latent virus. |
front 50 Why do most scientists agree that viruses are nonliving entities? | back 50 They are not composed of cells. |