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Chapter 5

front 1

How is ATP generated in the reaction shown in Figure 5.4?

back 1

substrate-level phosphorylation

front 2

Assume you are working for a chemical company and are responsible for growing a yeast culture that produces ethanol. The yeasts are growing well on the maltose medium but are not producing alcohol. What is the most likely explanation?

back 2

O2 is in the medium.

front 3

In green and purple bacteria, electrons to reduce CO2 can come from

back 3

H2S.

front 4

The use of enzymes is necessary to increase the activation energy requirements of a chemical reaction.

back 4

False

front 5

Which biochemical process is NOT used during glycolysis?

back 5

beta oxidation

front 6

Which of the following statements regarding the glycolysis pathway is FALSE?

back 6

One molecule of ATP is expended.

front 7

What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?

back 7

It is converted into acetyl CoA.

front 8

An enzyme, citrate synthase, in the Krebs cycle is inhibited by ATP. This is an example of all of the following EXCEPT

back 8

competitive inhibition.

front 9

Which of the following statements are TRUE?
1-Electron carriers are located at ribosomes.
2-ATP is a common intermediate between catabolic and anabolic pathways.
3-ATP is used for the long-term storage of energy and so is often found in storage granules.
4-Anaerobic organisms are capable of generating ATP via respiration.
5-ATP can be generated by the flow of protons across protein channels.

back 9

2, 4, 5

front 10

Microorganisms that catabolize sugars into ethanol and hydrogen gas would most likely be categorized as

back 10

heterolactic fermenters

front 11

The pentose phosphate pathway can be characterized as an anabolic pathway.

back 11

False

front 12

From the list below, which is NOT produced during the Krebs cycle?

back 12

NADPH

front 13

A bacterial culture grown in a glucose-peptide medium causes the pH to increase. The bacteria are most likely

back 13

Using the peptides

front 14

Assume you are growing bacteria on a lipid medium that started at pH 7. The action of bacterial lipases should cause the pH of the medium to

back 14

decrease (become more acidic).

front 15

Which of the following uses glucose for carbon and energy?

back 15

chemoheterotroph

front 16

Gallionella bacteria can get energy from the reaction Fe2+ → Fe3+. This reaction is an example of

back 16

oxidation

front 17

In Figure 5.8, the structure labeled "1" is

back 17

a plasma membrane

front 18

Carbon fixation occurs during the light-independent phase of photosynthesis.

back 18

True

front 19

Which statements correspond to amphibolic pathways?
1.Anabolic and catabolic reactions are joined through common intermediate.

2.They are shared metabolic pathways.

3.Feedback inhibition can help regulate rates of reactions.

4.Both types of reactions are necessary but do not occur simultaneously.

back 19

1,2,3

front 20

How would a noncompetitive inhibitor interfere with a reaction involving the enzyme shown in Figure 5.3?

back 20

It would bind to b.

front 21

Glycolysis is utilized by cells in both respiration and fermentation.

back 21

True

front 22

Which of the following compounds is NOT an enzyme?

back 22

coenzyme A

front 23

Which of the following has bacteriochlorophylls and uses alcohols for carbon?

back 23

photoheterotroph

front 24

Which of the following uses CO2 for carbon and H2 for energy?

back 24

chemoautotroph

front 25

In Figure 5.8, the path labeled "2" is the flow of

back 25

protons

front 26

Researchers are developing a ribozyme that cleaves the HIV genome. This pharmaceutical agent could be described as

back 26

an RNA molecule capable of catalysis.

front 27

Which organism is NOT correctly matched to its energy source?

back 27

photoautotroph - CO2 chemoautotroph - NH3

front 28

In general, ATP is generated in catabolic pathways and expended in anabolic pathways.

back 28

True

front 29

Refer to Figure 5.8. In aerobic respiration, where is water formed?

back 29

d

front 30

If a cell is starved for ATP, which of the following pathways would most likely be shut down?

back 30

pentose phosphate pathway

front 31

Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?

back 31

the partial oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors

front 32

In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, excited electrons ultimately

back 32

combine with hydrogen ions and NADP+ to produce NADPH.

front 33

Which of the graphs in Figure 5.5 best illustrates the activity of an enzyme that is saturated with substrate?

back 33

c

front 34

A bacterium such as Pseudomonas uses nitrate as a final electron acceptor in an electron transport system. All the below statements are true EXCEPT

back 34

they require light.

front 35

Both respiration and photosynthesis require the use of an electron transport chain.

back 35

True