front 1 Reproductive Potential | back 1 Major contributing factor to insect success |
front 2 High fecundity | back 2 Insects lay a lot of eggs |
front 3 High Fertility occurs when | back 3 many of these eggs hatch |
front 4 Insects are mostly | back 4 oviparous: laying eggs - cockroaches can lay live eggs |
front 5 Lacewing eggs | back 5 help them avoid predators when they lay on leaves |
front 6 Ametabolous | back 6 - no metamorphosis - Develop with little change to body form - Primitive Group (Ex. silver fish) - Adults look largely |
front 7 Hemimetabolous (no pupal stage) | back 7 Incomplete metamorphosis - Stages: Egg, Nymph, Adult |
front 8 In Hemimetabolous, what can wings signify | back 8 if an adult or a baby |
front 9 Nymphs who are hemimetabolous resemble | back 9 adults that have thin exoskeleton but lack wings |
front 10 Multiple stages of development in nymphs result in | back 10 Nymphal instars |
front 11 Holometabolous * most diverse groups undergo this | back 11 complete metaphorphosis Stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult |
front 12 Holometabolous: Larvae do what * maggots = immature flies | back 12 exploit different food resources than adults |
front 13 Adults larvae lay eggs | back 13 Directly onto food source so they can begin eating after hatching |
front 14 Insects consume the most food where? | back 14 In the Larvae stage |
front 15 Excess nutrition storied for adulthood is crucial for | back 15 metabolic expensive behaviors known for flight more energy-> more successful Adult phases |
front 16 Holometabolous: Pupae | back 16 non feeding stage |
front 17 Pupation can last * Large beetles have a long pupation | back 17 weeks, months or years depending on temp, or species of insect |
front 18 Diapause * insects undergo to survive winter * some dont undergo diapause | back 18 reduced metabolisms in response to environmental cues |
front 19 Stages of Diapause * shorter days | back 19 1. Initiation: Signals prepare for diapause Ex.temp 2. Maintenance: Metabolism slowed; development halted 3. Termination: intensity of diapause decreased 4. Post-diapause: slowed metabolic activity to allow determination of conditions |
front 20 Insects accumalte special proteins to | back 20 lower freezing point in their body like antifreeze |
front 21 pharate adult | back 21 (new adult) |
front 22 empty pupal exoskeleton | back 22 is exuvia |
front 23 Benefits of Holometabolous Development | back 23 * most successful part - Have longer time to feed - Reduce their competition btw members of same species - Diapause allows them to survive longer in environment conditions |
front 24 Molting Allows | back 24 Wound healing { can happen in the immature stages no longer in the adults} Renewal of exoskeleton |
front 25 Insect Growth only occurs during | back 25 immature stages - once adulthood reached growth stops |
front 26 Behavior is often | back 26 sex-specific, dimorphic within a species |
front 27 Reproduction can be viewed from * takes time | back 27 resource perspective; cost and benefits |
front 28 Sexual selection * Development of elaborate secondary sexual characteristics | back 28 individuals compete for mate access |
front 29 Mate choice requires one sex to? and others to have a | back 29 Exhibit a trait heritable perference |
front 30 Why do some individuals possess traits that seem to reduce survival? | back 30 helps them mate alot quicker |
front 31 Post copulatory sexual selection | back 31 occurs through sperm competition and cryptic female choice |
front 32 Sperm competition | back 32 two or more males compete to fertilize an egg |
front 33 Last male to fertilize females is capable of | back 33 fertilizing majority of eggs |
front 34 Mating plugs prevent | back 34 other sperm from accessing eggs, and males will have to expand more resources to remove it |
front 35 Mating practice | back 35 male pierces the abdomen of the female to avoid mating plug called Traumatic insemination |
front 36 Traumatic insemination | back 36 sperm is carried through hemolymph and is transferred due to open circulatory system |
front 37 Adaption of mating plug leads to | back 37 - less time of courtship - sperm gets closer to ovaries |
front 38 Female Adapation: Spermalege | back 38 sperm receptacles at site of penetration |
front 39 Ectospermalege * help restrict injury | back 39 visible external target |
front 40 Mesospermalege * help restrict injury | back 40 sac attached to inner abdomen under ectospermalege |