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Honors Chemistry note cards Unit 1

front 1

Measurement

back 1

-is a quantity that has both a NUMBER AND A UNIT

measurement without units are meaningless

units typically used is science are those of the International system of units (SI)

front 2

SI Units (The international system of units)

back 2

  • SI measurements-- SI units are defined in terms of standards of measurement

-the standards are objects or natural phenomena that are constant values, easy to preserve and reproduce, they are also practical in size.

-They are called SI units because of the French name the systeme international dunites

front 3

Metre

back 3

Symbol - m

Quantity - length

front 4

Kilogram

back 4

Symbol - kg

Quantity - mass

front 5

Second

back 5

Symbol - s

Quantity - time

front 6

Ampere

back 6

Symbol - A

Quantity - Electric Current

front 7

Kelvin

back 7

Symbol - K

Quantity - temperature

front 8

Candela

back 8

Symbol - cd

Quantity - luminous intensity

front 9

Mole

back 9

Symbol - mol

Quantity - amount of substance

front 10

Accuracy

back 10

-closeness of measurement to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured

- to evaluate the accuracy of a measurement, the measure value must be compared to the accepted or correct value

front 11

Precision

back 11

- closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way

- to evaluate the precision of a measurement, you must compare the values to two or more repeated measurements

front 12

Accepted Value

back 12

- is the theoretical value, published or textbook value, or the calculated value

front 13

Experimental Value

back 13

is the value measured in the lab

- error is the difference between the experimental value and the accepted value

- error = experimental value - accepted value

- sources of error:

  • instrurment malfunction
  • Human mistake (carelessness or haste)

front 14

Scientific Notation

back 14

- we will use scientific notation when working with extremely large or small numbers

- numbers are written in the format: M*10^n M is a number greater than 1 but less than "n" is a whole number exponent

- a positive exponent indicates a BIG number

- a negative exponent indicates a small number

front 15

Determining Error

back 15

- percent error: describes the accuracy of an individual value or of an average experimental value when compared quantitively with the correct or accepted value

- percent error experimental - accepted *100

Accepted