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Exam review

front 1

What is a macromolecule?

back 1

Large organic molecules also known as polymers made up of smaller building blocks called monomers examples: proteins carbs lipids and nucleic acids (RNA and DNA)

front 2

Explain Dehydration Synthesis. How is this different from hydrolysis?

back 2

Dehydration synthesis is how macromolecules are formed also known as condensation reaction forms polymers by combining monomers by removing water

front 3

Identify 3 types of carbohydrates?

back 3

Monosaccharide (one sugar unit) Disaccharide (two sugar units) Polysaccharide (many sugar units)

front 4

What is a polysaccharide?

back 4

It has many sugar units Ex: starch (bread potatos)
Glycogen (beef muscle)
Cellulose (Corn, lettuse)
Chitin (fungus, arthropods)

front 5

What is a lipid?

back 5

compounds witch are not soluble in water

front 6

What is a fatty acid distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid

back 6

Monomers of lipids are fatty acids and Glycerol
And a polymer of lipids are triglycerides that are composed of 1 gylcerol and 3 fatty acids
there are 2 types of fatty acids 1; saturated fatty acids:no double bonds so straight (bad) and 2: Unsaturated fatty acids double bonds so its bent (good)
Examples: Fats (triglycerides) phosholipids, waxes, olis and Steroid hormones

front 7

What is a triglyceride what does it include?

back 7

And a polymer of lipids are triglycerides that are composed of 1 gylcerol and 3 fatty acids

front 8

What are proteins made up of?

back 8

Amino acids (more complex than the monomers of carbs or lipids)

front 9

How many different amino acids exist?

back 9

20

front 10

What is a dipeptide? What is a peptide bond how does this form?

back 10

  1. Dipeptide: It's like a tiny necklace made of two beads, where each bead represents an amino acid.
  2. Peptide bond: Imagine that you have two beads and you want to connect them. You glue the two beads together using a special type of glue called a "peptide bond." This bond forms between one end of the first bead (the carboxyl group) and the other end of the second bead (the amino group).
  3. Formation: When these two beads are joined, a water molecule is released as a result. This process is like taking out a small piece from each bead to stick them together, leaving water behind. This joining process is called condensation or dehydration synthesis.