A high-fiber diet ______ the absorption of digoxin.

decreases

An enteric-coated drug should be administered:

between meals

Which of the following statements best explains the ability of a lean person to maintain a stable weight while eating more kilocalories than a person of equal weight who possesses a greater proportion of fat?

Muscle tissue requires more energy for its maintenance than does adipose tissue.

According to the chapter, to lose a pound of fat, a person would have to consume ____fewer kilocalories per day for 1 week or increase energy expenditure by a similar amount.

500

A body mass index (BMI) of more than 40 indicates that a person is:

obese

A woman with a waist circumference greater than ___ is at a greater health risk than an individual with a lesser waist circumference.

35in

Any healthy weight-reduction diet should meet all but one of the following guidelines. Identify the exception.

It should exclude all fats

The following is correct:

the best approach for weight management is to follow the Dietary Guidelines, include some physical activity and try behavior modification techniques.

A diet for weight loss should not:

prohibit dairy products

Anorexia nervosa is a _______________ disorder.

psychological

Obesity is not directly linked to the following causes of death:

chronic lung diseases

Which of the following contains the most kilocalories?

1 tsp oil

Which of the statements about insulin is true?

It cannot be administered orally.

Hyperglycemia may be caused by:

infection

One of the ways oral hypoglycemic agents act is by:

stimulating the pancreas to release insulin

Clients with diabetes may need to limit their usual milk intake because milk contains:

carbohydrate

Which of the following laboratory tests will reflect blood sugar levels over a 3- to 4-month period?

glycosylated hemoglobin

Sick Day Guidelines include all except the following:

discontinue all medications

Which of the following hormones acts to lower blood sugar?

insulin

An abnormal glucose tolerance diagnosed during pregnancy is called:

gestational diabetes

Hypoglycemia is not caused by:

overconsumption of food

Fiber is important in the diet of a client with diabetes because it:

delays glucose absorption

Cholesterol is:

a fat-like material produced only by animals

Clients with chronic heart failure are likely to receive a ______ diet.

sodium-restricted

Omega-3 fatty acids contribute to cardiovascular health by lowering triglyceride levels and reducing platelet aggregation. Good sources of these fatty acids are:

herring, salmon and tuna

Monounsaturated fats may help lower blood cholesterol levels. Which of the following are mainly monounsaturated?

canola, olive and peanut oils

These substances transport cholesterol to the cells:

Low Density Lipoproteins(LDL's)

Which of the following is a protective factor against heart disease?

elevated HDL's

Which of the following signs is a component of metabolic syndrome?

blood pressure

Substances that carry cholesterol to the liver to process for excretion are:

High Density Lipoproteins (HDL's)

Which of the following statements concerning pediatric cardiovascular care is true?

Universal screening of children for hypercholesterolemia is not recommended.

Which of the following risk factors for cardiovascular disease is changeable?

hypertension

Which of the following is a good snack for a client with acute renal failure who is not on dialysis and does not have diabetes?

hard candy

Most renal clients need to avoid salt substitutes because they often contain:

potassium

Which of the following are high in potassium?

baked potatoes

A restricted potassium intake usually is necessary in clients displaying?

oliguria

gout is:

a hereditary metabolic disease

Clients with kidney stones are usually advised to:

drink 3 L of fluid per day

The substances restricted in dietary treatment of gout are:

purines

The toxic condition characterized by retention of nitrogenous substances in the blood is called:

uremia

One-half cup of the following is usually considered 60cc of fluid:

ice chips

A low-potassium, low-phosphorus alternative to milk is:

liquid non-dairy creamer

Clients with _______ should have serum levels of fat-soluble vitamins and vitamin B12 monitored every 6 months.

chronic pancreatitis

Surgical clients have an increased need for _________because it helps build connective tissue.

ascorbic acid

A client with acute colitis will probably be given a _____ diet.

low-residue

Which of the following is allowed on a low-fat diet?

sherbet

Which of the following diseases is suspected of having an autoimmune component?

all the above
(celiac disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)

Clients who have had resection of the ________ are vulnerable to vitamin B12 deficiency.

ileum

Which of the following foods can be valuable in treating constipation?

prunes

When diet modification is advisable, the client with cholecystitis will probably be given a _______ diet.

low-fat

Ascites in the client with cirrhosis of the liver is worsened by sodium retention and:

hypoalbuminemia

Over the long-term, clients with Cystic fibrosis need to be monitored for:

diabetes mellitus

Which of the following foods is likely to be well received by a cancer client with mouth ulcerations?

pasteurized eggnog

Diet is estimated to contribute to _____% of all human cancers.

35

Wasting of the body seen in some chronic diseases such as AIDS, cancer, malaria and tuberculosis is known as:

cachexia

White blood cells that recognize foreign material such as cancer cells as "non-self" are:

T-lymphocytes

Megestrol is a drug given to cancer patients for its _____________ action.

appetite-stimulating

The most critical requirement for a burn client is:

fluid for replacement

The Harris-Benedict equation is used to estimate the ___________ for critically ill clients.

resting energy expenditure

A person with burns over 55% of his/her body has a stress factor of 2.0. This means that he/she require:

200% of the usual resting energy expenditure

An individual's best insurance against stress is:

adequate nutrient stores developed from the consumption of a well-balanced diet.

A condition, usually febrile, resulting from microorganisms or their toxins in the bloodstream is:

sepsis

The major nutrition-related problems in clients with AIDS are caused by:

gastrointestinal changes

If a lactose-free diet is required, the client will receive limited amounts of:

milk and yogurt

Medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil can be used in salad dressing and baked goods to:

increase the total amount of fat absorbed

A person who is HIV-positive should use good hygiene to decrease the risk of:

pneumoncystis pneumonia

_______ dictate(s) that every client and every client's blood be considered contaminated and treated as such

Standard precautions

Which of the following is not a sign that death is approaching?

polyuria and incontinence

Pruritus is:

severe itching

Care that is intended to relieve symptoms without curing the disease is called____________.

palliative

Dryness of the mouth caused by an abnormal reduction in salivary secretion is :

xerostomia

The intake of ice chips, popsicles, ice cream, and sherbet are recommended for:

dry mouth and fever