front 1 1) How do the Taylor Glacier bacteria produce their energy?
- A) photosynthesis
- B) heterotrophism
- C)
chemoautotrophism
- D) thermophobism
- E)
photoautotrophism
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front 2 2) In ecosystems, why is the term cycling used to describe material
transfer, whereas the term flow is used for energy exchange?
- A) Materials are repeatedly used, but energy flows through and
out of ecosystems.
- B) Both material and energy are recycled
and are then transferred to other ecosystems as in a flow.
- C) Materials are cycled into ecosystems from other ecosystems,
but energy constantly flows within the ecosystem.
- D) Both
material and energy flow in a never-ending stream within an
ecosystem.
- E) None of the choices is correct.
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front 3 3) Which statement most accurately describes how matter and energy
are used in ecosystems?
- A) Matter flows through ecosystems; energy cycles within
ecosystems.
- B) Energy flows through ecosystems; matter cycles
within and through ecosystems.
- C) Energy can be converted
into matter; matter cannot be converted into energy.
- D)
Matter can be converted into energy; energy cannot be converted into
matter.
- E) Matter is used in ecosystems; energy is not.
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front 4 4) The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be
created, yet matter is sometimes gained or lost to an ecosystem. What
is the reason for this seeming contradiction?
- A) Chemoautotrophic organisms can convert matter to
energy.
- B) Ecosystems are open systems; therefore, matter can
be moved in/out of an ecosystem from/to another ecosystem.
- C) Photosynthetic organisms convert sugars to more complex
organic molecules.
- D) Detrivores convert matter to
energy.
- E) Heterotrophs convert heat to energy.
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front 5 5) Photosynthetic organisms are unique to most ecosystems because they
- A) synthesize organic compounds they obtain from decaying
heterotrophs.
- B) synthesize inorganic compounds from organic
compounds.
- C) use light energy to synthesize organic
compounds from inorganic compounds.
- D) use chemical energy
to synthesize organic compounds.
- E) convert light energy
into matter.
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front 6 6) A cow's herbivorous diet indicates that it is a(n)
- A) primary consumer.
- B) secondary consumer.
- C) decomposer.
- D) autotroph.
- E) producer.
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front 7 7) To recycle nutrients, an ecosystem must have, at a minimum,
- A) producers.
- B) producers and decomposers.
- C) producers, primary consumers, and decomposers.
- D)
producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and
decomposers.
- E) producers, primary consumers, secondary
consumers, top carnivores, and decomposers.
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front 8 8) Which of the following terms encompasses all of the others?
- A) heterotrophs
- B) herbivores
- C)
carnivores
- D) primary consumers
- E) secondary
consumers
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front 9 9) Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?
- A) all of the brook trout in a 500-square-hectare river
drainage system
- B) the plants, animals, and decomposers
that inhabit an alpine meadow
- C) a pond and all of the
plant and animal species that live in it
- D) the intricate
interactions of the various plant and animal species on a savanna
during a drought
- E) all of the organisms and their physical
environment in a tropical rain forest
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front 10 10) If the sun were to suddenly stop providing energy to Earth, most
ecosystems would vanish. Which of the following ecosystems would
likely survive the longest after this hypothetical disaster?
- A) tropical rain forest
- B) tundra
- C)
deep-sea vent community
- D) grassland
- E)
desert
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front 11 11) Which of the following is true of detritivores?
- A) They recycle chemical elements directly back to primary
consumers.
- B) They synthesize organic molecules that are used
by primary producers.
- C) They convert organic materials
from all trophic levels to inorganic compounds usable by primary
producers.
- D) They secrete enzymes that convert the organic
molecules of detritus into CO2 and H2O.
- E) Some species are
autotrophic, whereas others are heterotrophic.
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