front 1 How are atoms arranged | back 1 in an array called crystals |
front 2 what are non crystalline solids called | back 2 amorphous structures |
front 3 4 types of chemical bonds | back 3 Ionic Covalent Mettalic Ver der walls |
front 4 What affects the properties of a solid | back 4 the type of chemical bond used |
front 5 Density definition | back 5 Amount of mass per unit volume of a material. |
front 6 Density formula | back 6 Mass/volume |
front 7 units of density | back 7 kg/m3 or gm/cm3. |
front 8 Weight density formula | back 8 weight over volume or 9.8 x density |
front 9 Unit of weight density | back 9 N/m3 |
front 10 What does density depend on | back 10 mass of atoms spacing between atoms |
front 11 What does not matter for density? | back 11 the amount of material you have |
front 12 What changes when something experiences external force | back 12 size and shape |
front 13 what is elasticty | back 13 How well an object returns to its original shape after being changed by force |
front 14 What are objects that don't return to their original shape called | back 14 inelastic |
front 15 Hookes law | back 15 The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it. |
front 16 What is it called when something is pulled | back 16 tension |
front 17 What is it called when something is squished | back 17 compression |
front 18 Pressure definition | back 18 The force per unit area that one object exerts on another |
front 19 Pressure formula | back 19 force over area |
front 20 unit of pressure | back 20 N/m2, lb/ft2, or Pa (Pascals) |
front 21 What does pressure depend on | back 21 the area the force is distributed to |
front 22 Pressure in a liquid definition | back 22 the force per unit area that a liquid exerts on a object |
front 23 What does pressure in a liquid depend on | back 23 depth |
front 24 what doesn't pressure in a liquid depend on | back 24 volume |
front 25 What direction does pressure move in liquids | back 25 all directions |
front 26 How is pressure applied to a submerged object | back 26 perpendicular to the sides of the object |
front 27 Bouyancy definition | back 27 apparant loss of weight of a submerged object proportional to the weight of the water displaced. This is equal to the amount of force pushing up onto the object |
front 28 When does an object sink | back 28 when the weight of an object is greater than the bouyant force |
front 29 When does an object float | back 29 When the weight of an object is lighter than the buoyant force |
front 30 Archemedes principal | back 30 States that an immersed body (completely or partially) is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. Applies to gases and liquids. |
front 31 What type of fluids exert a great buoyant force? | back 31 denser fluids |
front 32 How does archemedes principal apply in air | back 32 The more air an object displaces, the greater the buoyant force on it. If an object displaces its weight, it If an object displaces less air, it |
front 33 Pascals principal | back 33 Pressure applied to one point in an enclosed fluid at rest is applied undiminished to the rest of the fluids |
front 34 What is a fluid | back 34 liquids and gases |
front 35 Surface tension | back 35 All molecules in a liquid are attracted to each other. The molecules on the surface are not attracted by the air and creat a greater tension on the surface of the liquid than in the liquid because of it. |
front 36 What 3 factors affect surface tension | back 36 type of liquid what's mixed with the liquid temperature of the liquid |
front 37 Cappiularity definition | back 37 The rise of a liquid in a fine, hollow tube or in a narrow space` |
front 38 what affects capilarity | back 38 The weight of the liquid and the narrowness of the tube |
front 39 What are atoms | back 39 Atoms are the building blocks of matter |
front 40 what is an element | back 40 a material composed of only one type of atom |
front 41 How many elements are there | back 41 115 |
front 42 Main 5 elements | back 42 oxygen hydrogen carbon nitrogen calcium |
front 43 How are heavy atoms created | back 43 supernovas |
front 44 How do atoms move | back 44 atoms move in perpetual motion with there being less movement in solids and more in liquids and even more in gases |
front 45 What is Brownian motion | back 45 the evidence for the existance of atoms |
front 46 What is a compoud | back 46 a substance made of more than one element |
front 47 What is the atmosphere | back 47 an ocean of air |
front 48 What is atmospheric pressure caused by | back 48 Caused by weight of air Varies from one locality to another Not uniform Measurements are used to predict weather conditions |
front 49 What is atmospheric pressure | back 49 pressure exerted in object submerged in air |
front 50 What does a barometer measure | back 50 atmospheric pressure |
front 51 boyels law | back 51 pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional |
front 52 How does something float | back 52 if its lighter than air(helium balloons) |
front 53 where is air less dense | back 53 higher up |
front 54 Bernoullis principal | back 54 If the speed of a fluid increases pressure decreases |
front 55 what are streamlines | back 55 lines representing fluid motion |
front 56 laminar flow | back 56 smooth flow |
front 57 Temperature definiton | back 57 number corrsponding to the warmth or coldness of an object` |
front 58 What is temperature proportional to | back 58 the average transitional kinetic energy per partial of an object` |
front 59 Three temperature scales | back 59 farenheight celcius kelvin |
front 60 how is heat measured | back 60 calories or joules |
front 61 specific heat capacity` | back 61 4.18 joules of heat are required to change the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 Celsius degree |
front 62 Thermal inertia | back 62 resistance of a substance to a change in temperature |
front 63 What substance has a high specific heat capacity | back 63 water |
front 64 Thermal expansion | back 64 substances expand in heat and contract in the cold |
front 65 Thermal expasion is greater in liquids or solids? | back 65 liquids |
front 66 What liquid defies thermal expansion | back 66 ice because it expands when it freezes |
front 67 What happens when the temperature of a gas changes | back 67 the volume changes |
front 68 absolute 0 | back 68 no kinetic energy |
front 69 what is internal energy | back 69 energy at the partial level of a substance |
front 70 First law of thermodynamics | back 70 energy can neither be created nor destroyed increasing mechanical work increases internal energy |
front 71 adiabatic process | back 71 compessing or expanding a gas while no heat enters the system No heat added=increase in internal energy is because of work done in the system |
front 72 Second law of thermo dynamics | back 72 Heat never flows from cold to hot unassisted. |
front 73 What is a heat engine | back 73 any device that converts internal heat into mechanical work |
front 74 How much heat in a heat engine can be transformed into work | back 74 some of it |
front 75 Parts of heat engine | back 75 a reservoir of heat at a high temperature. a sink at lower temperature. |
front 76 How a heat engine works | back 76 gathers heat from the reservoir at high temperature. converts some of this heat into mechanical work. expels the rest of the heat to the sink at lower temperature. |
front 77 CAn ideal efficiency be reached | back 77 no because of friction |
front 78 Entropy | back 78 the amount of disorder in a system |
front 79 how does entropy decreas | back 79 if work is done to a system |
front 80 Three ways to transfer heat | back 80 convection condution radiation |
front 81 conduction | back 81 the transfer of heat through the collision of molecules especially in solids |
front 82 what makes a good condutor | back 82 things that conduct heat quickly like metal |
front 83 what is an insulator | back 83 things that don't conduct heat well |
front 84 Convection | back 84 Transfer of heat involving the bulk motion of fluids |
front 85 RAdiation | back 85 energy transefferd from the sun through a vaccume |
front 86 what does the Wave length of radiation depend on | back 86 the frequency of the waves |
front 87 What material reflect radiant energy | back 87 shiny ones |