front 1 Define IBD | back 1 group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine |
front 2 Major types of IBD | back 2 ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease |
front 3 ulcerative colitis characteristics | back 3 mucosal inflammation confined to the rectum and colon with superficial ulcerations |
front 4 when UC is limited to the descending colon and rectum, it is called | back 4 distal disease and can be treated with topical (rectal) treatment |
front 5 in UC, inflammation limited to the rectum is called | back 5 proctitis |
front 6 characteristics of moderate UC | back 6 characterized by >4 stools/day with minimal signs of toxicity |
front 7 characteristics of severe UC | back 7 ≥ 6 bloody stools/day with evidence of toxicity (fever, tachycardia, anemia, elevated ESR) |
front 8 characteristics of fulminant UC | back 8 >10 stools/day and severe symptoms (continuous bleeding, abdominal pain, distension) |
front 9 characteristics of Crohn's disease | back 9 characterized by deep, transmural (through the bowel wall) inflammation that can affect any part of the GI tract |
front 10 in Crohn's disease, what part of the GI tract like likely affected | back 10 ileum and colon |
front 11 symptoms of Crohn's disease | back 11 chronic diarrhea (nocturnal), abdominal pain and weight loss |
front 12 pattern of Crohn's disease | back 12 non-continuous, "cobblestone" appearance |
front 13 pattern of UC | back 13 continuous |
front 14 location of Crohn's disease | back 14 entire GI tract (especially ileum and colon) |
front 15 location of UC | back 15 colon (especially the rectum) |
front 16 depth of Crohn's disease | back 16 transmural |
front 17 depth of UC | back 17 superficial |
front 18 True or false. Fistulas/strictures are common in Crohn's disease. | back 18 True |
front 19 True or false. Fistulas/strictures are common in UC. | back 19 False. They are uncommon |
front 20 Smoking is a ____ for Crohn's disease | back 20 risk factor |
front 21 Smoking is a ____ measure for UC | back 21 protective |
front 22 How is IBD diagnosed | back 22 colonoscopy with tissue biopsy |
front 23 What class of medications are used for maintenance therapy in most patients with distal UC or mild extensive disease | back 23 aminosalicylates |
front 24 What medication is used for mild Crohn's disease | back 24 oral budesonide ≤ 3 months, after this course, discontinue treatment or change to thiopurine or methotrexate |
front 25 What medications are used for moderate to severe Crohn's disease | back 25 anti-TNF agents (humira, remicade, cimzia), thiopurines, methotrexate, IL receptor antagonist (stelara) |
front 26 What medications are used for refractory to standard treatment in Crohn's disease | back 26 Entyvio, Tysabri |
front 27 What medication is used for mild UC | back 27 mesalamine (5-ASA) rectal and/or oral preferred |
front 28 What medications are used for moderate to severe UC | back 28 anti-TNF agents (humira, remicade, simponi), thiopurines, cyclosporines, IL receptor antagonist (stelara) |
front 29 What medications are used for refractory to standard treatment for UC | back 29 entyvio, xeljanz |
front 30 Brand name for budesonide used for CD | back 30 Entocort EC |
front 31 Brand name for budesonide used for UC | back 31 Uceris |
front 32 How is budesonide metabolized | back 32 undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism, decreases systemic exposure than other oral steroids |
front 33 Rectal steroids are indicated for | back 33 UC only |
front 34 Brand name for hydrocortisone rectal | back 34 Cortenema, Cortifoam |
front 35 Primary aminosalicylate used for UC | back 35 mesalamine |
front 36 Sulfasalazine is used less commonly due to the | back 36 many side effects associated with the sulfapyridine component |
front 37 Brand name for sulfasalazine | back 37 Azulfidine |
front 38 Azathioprine is metabolized to | back 38 mercaptopurine |
front 39 What test should be considered before starting azathioprine | back 39 TPMT genetic testing |
front 40 Brand name for azathioprine | back 40 Azasan, Imuran |
front 41 Brand name of ustekinumab | back 41 Stelara |
front 42 MOA of Stelara | back 42 interleukin receptor antagonist that binds to and interferes with IL-12 and IL-23 |
front 43 Brand name of tofacitinib | back 43 Xeljanz (can use in moderate-severe UC) |
front 44 Brand name of ozanimod | back 44 Zeposia |
front 45 MOA of Zeposia | back 45 sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator that blocks lymphocytes from exiting the lymph nodes, reducing lymphocytes in the periphery (can use in moderate-severe UC) |
front 46 Brand name for natalizumab | back 46 Tysabri (available through REMS) |
front 47 Brand name of vedolizumab | back 47 Entyvio |
front 48 Discontinue Entyvio and Tysabri is no benefit by | back 48 week 14 |