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  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

38 notecards = 10 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Muscle Definitions

front 1

What are the three types of muscles

back 1

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

front 2

Skeletal muscles

back 2

multinucleated, striated, voluntary muscles (body structure)

front 3

Cardiac Muscles

back 3

single-nucleated, striated, involuntary muscles (heart muscles)

front 4

Smooth Muscles

back 4

unstriated, involuntary muscles (lining of organs)

front 5

Extrinsic muscles

back 5

muscles with one or more attachments to the trunk or limbs

front 6

Intrinsic muscles

back 6

The muscle attaches to only bone of the limb

ex: muscles of the forearm

front 7

Components of muscles

back 7

myofibrils and myofilaments

front 8

Myofibrils

back 8

Make up muscle fibers

front 9

Myofilaments

back 9

Microscopic bundles of proteins contained in myofibrils

front 10

Myofilaments contain what filaments

back 10

myosin and actin

front 11

Myosin

back 11

Thick filaments

front 12

Actin

back 12

Thin filaments

front 13

Muscle associated connective tissues

back 13

Endomysium, perimysium, epimysium

front 14

Endomysium

back 14

Layer of connective tissue surrounding individual muscle fibers

front 15

What does endomysium contain

back 15

Capillaries, nerve fibers, and satellite cells

front 16

Perimysium

back 16

Layer of connective tissue that surrounds a group of muscle fibers

front 17

What does perimysium contain

back 17

Blood vessels and nerves

front 18

Epimysium

back 18

Dense, connective tissue sheet that covers a whole muscle

front 19

Epimusium does what

back 19

Delineates muscles from each other and other tissues

front 20

Muscle Arrangements

back 20

Parallel muscles and pennate muscles (unipennate, bipennate, multipennate)

front 21

Parallel Muscles

back 21

Strap-like muscles in which fibers run parallel to each other

front 22

Pennate muscles

back 22

Muscles with tendons throughout their length

front 23

Unipennate muscles

back 23

Tendons run along one side

front 24

Bipennate Muscles

back 24

Tendon runs along both sides

  • converges on a tendon from both directions

front 25

Multipennate

back 25

Tendon distributed throughout the muscle

front 26

Muscle Attachments

back 26

Fleshy, Tendinous, aponeurotic

front 27

Fleshy attachments

back 27

Looks like muscle attaches directly to the bone

  • actually connects by really small fibers

front 28

Tendinous attachments

back 28

Involves cord-like connective tissues

  • attaches pennate to bone

front 29

Aponeurotic attachments

back 29

flat, tendinous sheet attaches the muscle

front 30

Origin

back 30

More fixed point of a muscular attachment

  • typically more proximal attachment

front 31

Insertion

back 31

More movable point of muscular attachment

  • Typically more distal attachment

front 32

Types of Muscle Function

back 32

Flexor, extensor, agonist, antagonist, fixator, synergist

front 33

Flexor

back 33

Muscle that closes a joint or results in angulation of a bone

front 34

Extensor

back 34

Muscle that opens a joint or results in straightening of a bone

front 35

Agonist

back 35

(Prime Mover) Muscle involved in characteristic movement of a joint

front 36

Antagonist

back 36

Muscle that has an action directly opposite agonist muscles

front 37

Fixator

back 37

Muscle that stabilizes joints when agonists are in action

front 38

Synergist

back 38

Works against nay undesired actions of agonist muscles

  • helps agonist work more efficiently