Which brain disorders are a cause of acute brain injury? (Select all that apply.)

Brain trauma

Brain hemorrhage

Central nervous system infections

Steroids may be used in the management of acute exacerbation of symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis, because

demyelination is mediated by immune mechanisms

The dementia of Alzheimer's disease is associated with structural changes in the brain, including________

deposition of amyloid plaques in the brain

Seizures that involve both hemispheres at the outset are termed

generalized

Autonomic dysreflexia is characterized by

hypertension and bradycardia

Which statement is true about the incidence of multiple sclerosis?

the age of onset is 20 to 50 years old

It is true that Bell palsy is a

paralysis of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve

Which neurological disorder is commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig disease?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Which are common causes of acquired parkinsonism? (Select all that apply.)

history of infection

history of intoxication

history of trauma

The gate control theory of pain transmission predicts that activity in touch receptors will

decrease pain signal transmission in the spinal cord

A patient presenting with a severe, pounding headache accompanied by nausea and photophobia is likely experiencing a ________ headache.

migraine

Which treatment is helpful in neuropathic pain but not used for acute pain?

Anticonvulsants

Pain is thought of as

a subjective experience that is difficult to measure objectively

Slow pain sensation is transmitted primarily by

unmyelinated C fibers

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which_________________________

acetylcholine receptors are destroyed or dysfunctional

Bone healing may be impaired by______________

nicotine use

Muscular dystrophy includes a number of muscle disorders that are

genetically transmitted

A risk factor for osteoporosis is

early menopause

Healing of a fractured bone with a poor alignment is called

malunion.

the displacement of two bones in which the articular surfaces partially lose contact with each other is called

subluxation

A unique characteristic feature of fibromyalgia is the presence of

tender point pain

Most muscle strains are due to

abnormal muscle contraction

Inflammation of the sacs that overlie bony prominences is called

bursitis

Paget’s disease is characterized by

excessive bone resorption followed by excessive formation of fragile bone

Characteristics of scoliosis include ( Select all that apply.)

involvement of lateral curvature of the spine.

increase during periods of rapid growth.

identifiable by uneven shoulders or scapular prominence.

possibility of leading to respiratory complications.

The most common source of osteomyelitis is

an infection that migrates via the bloodstream.

The most common symptom of multiple myeloma is

bone pain

Compartment syndrome occurs secondary to

soft-tissue damage

Individuals diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at risk for developing

immune injury to basement membranes

Rheumatoid arthritis is commonly associated with the presence of rheumatoid factor autoantibodies in the bloodstream. This indicates that rheumatoid arthritis is likely to be?

an autoimmune process/disorder

Prosthetic joint infection is most often due to

Hematogenous transfer

Gouty arthritis is a complication of_______________.

inadequate renal excretion of uric acid

Ankylosing spondylitis is characterized by______________________.

inflammation, stiffness, and fusion of spinal joints

Polymyositis involves inflammation and necrosis of _____ tissue.

muscle

The earliest manifestation of scleroderma is

Raynaud phenomenon

Rheumatoid arthritis involves joint inflammation caused by

Autoimmune injury