front 1 Adventitial | back 1 The outermost layer of organs, blood vessels, and other structures in the body. |
front 2 Albuminuria | back 2 Albumin in the urine. |
front 3 Anuria | back 3 The absence of urine production. |
front 4 Autonomic | back 4 Involuntary or unconscious. |
front 5 Azotemia | back 5 Urea in the blood. |
front 6 Cystectomy | back 6 Excision of all or part of the bladder to remove a cyst. |
front 7 Cystitis | back 7 Inflammation of the lining of the bladder. |
front 8 Cystocele | back 8 A condition in which weakened pelvic muscles cause the bladder to drop from its normal position. |
front 9 Cystography | back 9 Radiographic imaging of the bladder. |
front 10 Cystoscope | back 10 A thin, tube-like instrument used to look inside the bladder and urethra. |
front 11 Cystoscopy | back 11 Examination of the bladder and urethra using a cystoscope, inserted into the urethra. |
front 12 Cystostomy | back 12 Creation of an artificial opening into the bladder. |
front 13 Cystotomy | back 13 Incision into the bladder. |
front 14 Deamination | back 14 The removal of an amino group from a molecule. |
front 15 Detrusor | back 15 A muscle which forms a layer of the wall of the bladder. |
front 16 Diuresis | back 16 Excess production of urine. |
front 17 Dysuria | back 17 Painful urination. |
front 18 Enuresis | back 18 Involuntary urination. |
front 19 Excretion | back 19 To get rid of waste material from the blood, tissues, or organs by a normal discharge (such as sweat, urine, or stool). |
front 20 Glomerulonephritis | back 20 A condition in which the tissues in the kidney become inflamed and have problems filtering waste from the blood. |
front 21 Glycosuria | back 21 Presence of glucose in the urine. |
front 22 Hematuria | back 22 Blood in the urine. |
front 23 Homeostasis | back 23 The state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things. |
front 24 Hydronephrosis | back 24 Abnormal enlargement of a kidney, which may be caused by blockage of the ureter (such as by a kidney stone) or chronic kidney disease that prevents urine from draining into the bladder. |
front 25 Hydrostatic | back 25 Relating to the equilibrium of liquids and the pressure exerted by liquid at rest. |
front 26 Hypothalamus | back 26 A region of the forebrain below the thalamus; has function in both the autonomic and endocrine systems and regulates homeostasis. |
front 27 Incontinence | back 27 Loss of ability to control micturition (urination). |
front 28 Lethargy | back 28 A condition marked by drowsiness and an unusual lack of energy and mental alertness. |
front 29 Micturition | back 29 Also called urination or voiding. |
front 30 Lithotripsy | back 30 The destruction of a calculus (stone) of the kidney, ureter, bladder, or gallbladder by physical forces. |
front 31 Mitochondria | back 31 A membranous, bean-shaped organelle that is the “energy transformer” of the cell. |
front 32 Nephrectomy | back 32 Excision of all or part of the kidney. |
front 33 Nephritis | back 33 A condition in which the tissues in the kidney become inflamed and have problems filtering waste from the blood. |
front 34 Nephrolithiasis | back 34 Formation of stone(s) in the kidney. |
front 35 Nephrolithotomy | back 35 Incision into the kidney to remove stone(s). |
front 36 Nephrologist | back 36 A doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating kidney disease. |
front 37 Nephrology | back 37 A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the kidney. |
front 38 Nephrostomy | back 38 Surgery to make an opening from the outside of the body to the renal pelvis. |
front 39 Nocturia | back 39 Frequent urination at night that interrupts sleep. |
front 40 Oliguria | back 40 Below normal urine production of 400–500 mL/day. |
front 41 Osmosis | back 41 A process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one. |
front 42 pH | back 42 A measure of how acidic or alkaline a substance is, as determined by the number of free hydrogen ions in the substance. |
front 43 Polyuria | back 43 Excessive urine production. |
front 44 Prostaglandins | back 44 Signaling molecules derived from unsaturated fatty acids with hormone-like effects. |
front 45 Pseudostratified | back 45 Tissue with a single layer of irregularly shaped cells that give the appearance of more than one layer. |
front 46 Pyelitis | back 46 Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney calices. |
front 47 Pyelonephritis | back 47 Inflammation of the nephrons, renal pelvis, and kidney calices. |
front 48 Pyuria | back 48 The presence of white blood cells in the urine. |
front 49 Solutes | back 49 The minor component in a solution. |
front 50 Stricture | back 50 Abnormal narrowing. |
front 51 Ureterocele | back 51 A cystic dilatation of the end of a ureter. |
front 52 Ureterolithiasis | back 52 Formation of stone(s) in the ureter. |
front 53 Ureteroscopy | back 53 Examination of the inside of the kidney and ureter, using a ureteroscope. |
front 54 Ureterostomy | back 54 Creation of an artificial opening into the ureter. |
front 55 Urinal | back 55 Receptacle used for the collection of urine. |
front 56 Urinary | back 56 Pertaining to urine or the organs of the body that produce and get rid of urine. |
front 57 Urologist | back 57 A doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating diseases of the urinary organs in females and the urinary and reproductive organs in males. |
front 58 Urology | back 58 A surgical specialty concerned with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the urinary tract in both sexes, and the genital tract in the male. |
front 59 Voiding | back 59 Also known as urination or micturition. |