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MSE 280 Exam 2 pt.2

front 1

Match material to curves

back 1

A- metal

B- elastomer

C- thermoplastic

D- ceramic

E- thermoset

front 2

(Tension)

What equation do you use only for elastics?

back 2

Hookes law

front 3

(Tension)

What equation do you use for engineering stress?

back 3

Can always be used for elastics

front 4

(Tension)

What equation do you use for engineering strain?

back 4

Can always be used for elastics

front 5

(Tension test)

What equation do you use for percent elongation?

back 5

front 6

(Tension test)

What equation do you use for percent reduction in area?

back 6

only for after testing

front 7

What are the equations used for 3 point bends?

back 7

Flexural strength (modulus of rupture) and modulus of elasticity in bending (flexural modulus)

front 8

What equation is used for fracture toughness/ failure

back 8

front 9

What has the highest stiffness and no ductility?

back 9

D

front 10

What has moderate stiffness and ductility?

back 10

A

front 11

What are 3 situations where failure can occur at applied stress below yield strength?

back 11

1. fatigue

2. creep

3. stress corrosion cracking

front 12

Know the points on the tensile test curve.

What part is elastic and what is plastic

back 12

green - elastic

white - plastic

front 13

Why does the tensile curve for a metal reach a peak and then drop off again?

back 13

Because of necking. Deformation is not uniform

front 14

What is poisson’s ratio? and is it elastic or plastic?

back 14

ratio of longitudinal to and axial strains (u or v)

it is always positive and elastic

front 15

What is the 0.2% offset yield strength? and why is it used?

back 15

It is the intersection of the curve where it bends. its used to show yield strength and where deformation becomes permanent.

front 16

What is the glass transition temperature?

back 16

when the change in density with temperature changes slope (Tg)

front 17

Which materials is the glass transition temperature important?

back 17

glass, thermoplastic, elastomer

front 18

label the points of the slowly loaded thermoplastic polymer graph

back 18

A- elastic deformation

B- necking begins

C-necking grows

D- chains align and stress continues

front 19

be able to draw the elastomer tension test

back 19

front 20

What is viscoelasticity?

back 20

The property of materials that exhibit both viscous and elastic characteristics when undergoing deformation.

front 21

In what materials does viscoelastic behavior occur?

back 21

thermoplastics and elastomers

front 22

Why are ceramics not often tested in tension?

back 22

they are very stiff and not really ductile

front 23

What is a bend test and what is it used for?

back 23

To test brittle materials. small flaws can cause early failures

front 24

How is hardness tested in a metal?

back 24

Using test such as brinell, rockwell, vickers, and microhardness

front 25

What is an impact test and how is it performed?

back 25

to test the strain rate.

some common types are charpy and izod.

front 26

What is the ductile to brittle transition temperature? (DBTT)

back 26

Transition temperature where failure mode transforms from ductile to brittle (BCC does and FCC does not)

front 27

What is the difference between ductile and brittle failure?

back 27

Ductile- Slow, high energy, and plastic deformation before failure

Brittle- fast, no necking, and little plastic deformation

front 28

What happens to the stress near a flaw in a structure?

back 28

Stress is amplified or concentrated at the tip of the flaw

front 29

What is the fracture toughness of a material and why is it important?

back 29

the ability of a material containing a flaw to withstand an applied load (KiC and the units are MPa)

front 30

What conditions lead to increased fracture toughness?

back 30

ductility and increased temperatures increase fracture toughness.

front 31

What conditions lead to decreased fracture toughness?

back 31

point defects and dislocations reduce fracture toughness

front 32

What is fatigue?

back 32

repetitive loading that leads to failure

front 33

How can fatigue be minimized?

back 33

From fatigue crack initiation

front 34

What is creep?

back 34

High temperature

increases with increasing applied stress and increasing temperature

front 35

What happens to the creep rate at increased loads?

back 35

Creep rate increases because area to support the load is significantly reduced

front 36

What is stress corrosion cracking?

back 36

Material reacts with corrosive chemicals in the environment.

(Occurs in most materials)