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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

29 notecards = 8 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Foundation in Animal Genetics

front 1

Genetics

back 1

Study of inheritance and variation

front 2

Inheritance

back 2

Transmission of hereditary factors from one generation to another

front 3

Animal breeding

back 3

Application of knowledge of genetics to the improvement of animals

front 4

Hereditary

back 4

Passing of physical characteristics from one generation to another

front 5

What is the best animal

back 5

Animals that work best in one situation do not work best in all situations

front 6

Trait

back 6

any observable or measurable characteristic of an individual

front 7

Phenotype

back 7

an observable category or measured level of performance for a trait in an individual

front 8

Species

back 8

Organisms capable of mating and producing viable/fertile offspring

front 9

Population

back 9

Group of intermating individuals. Can be a breed, entire species, or small group of animals within a herd

front 10

Breed

back 10

Animals with a common origin and similar identifying characteristics, generally produced through deliberate selection and breeding practices

front 11

Genotic Model

back 11

Phenotype=Genotype +Environment

front 12

Phenotype

back 12

Observed category or measured level of performance for a trait

front 13

Genotype

back 13

genetic makeup of an individual animal

front 14

Environment

back 14

External. non-genetic factors that influence phenotype (climate, husbandry, nutrient availability, health)

front 15

Ways to improve/change pop'n

back 15

Selection

Mating

front 16

Selection

back 16

Deciding which animals are chosen to become parents of the next generation

front 17

Mating

back 17

Deciding which selected males are mated to which selected females

front 18

Purebred

back 18

animal bred from parents of the same breed

front 19

Linebred

back 19

mating of individuals within a particular line within a breed. (mild form of inbreeding)

front 20

Crossbred

back 20

Animal bred from parents of differing breeds, or breed combinations

front 21

Admixed

back 21

The hybridization between populations within one species

front 22

Mixded-breed

back 22

Animal from parents of multiple breeds or unknown breeds

front 23

Composite

back 23

Breed made up of two or more component breeds

front 24

Breeding Goals

back 24

Breeders want the animal that is best for the end user (especially at level of elite breeder)

front 25

Drivers of Breeding goals

back 25

competition and propagation

elite breeders make decisions

front 26

Intermediate Optimum

back 26

Intermediate level of performance that is optimal in terms of performance and function

front 27

Performance Traits

back 27

Reproduction

Maternal ability

growth rate

feed efficiency

body measurements

longevity

carcass merit

conformation/soundness

temperament

front 28

Simply Inherited

back 28

Trait that is impacted by a small number of genes

Not usually influenced by environmental effects

front 29

Polygenic Traits

back 29

Trait that is influenced by a large number of genes. No single gene has an overriding effect

Influenced by the environment