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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

32 notecards = 8 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

chap 4

front 1

Sensation

back 1

Translation of information from outside the nervous system into neural activity giving nervous system knowledge of the world

front 2

Transduction

back 2

what takes place when many sensors in the body convert physical signals (energy) from the environment into encoded neural (electrochemical) signals sent to the central nervous system.

front 3

Perception

back 3

Interpretation, identification and organization a sensation in order to form a mental representation that is meaningful

front 4

Absolute Threshold

back 4

minimal intensity (physical energy) needed to just barely detect a stimulus

front 5

Just Noticeable Difference (Difference
Threshold

back 5

Minimal change in a stimulus that can just barely be detected

front 6

Multitasking

back 6

Multitasking involves paying attention to more than one stimulus at the same time

front 7

Sensory Adaptation (Change vs Consistent Stimuli

back 7

Sensitivity to prolonged stimulation tends to decline over time as an organism adapts to current conditions.

front 8

Visual Acuity

back 8

Ability to see fine detail (it is the smallest line of letters that a typical person can read from a distance of 20 feet

front 9

20/20 Vision

back 9

perfect/normal vision

front 10

Light Wave (Wavelength)

back 10

Color is our perception of light wavelengths on the visible spectrum.

front 11

Cornea

back 11

transparent bulge on the front of eye; light enters here

front 12

Pupil

back 12

an opening in the iris; light passes through

front 13

Lens

back 13

elastic membrane capsule; thinner - focus on distant objects; thicker - focus on nearby objects.

front 14

Retina

back 14

Light-sensitive multilayered tissue lining the back of the eyeball (contains rods and cones)

front 15

Accommodation

back 15

Process by which the eye maintains
a clear image on the retina

front 16

Nearsightedness

back 16

see clearly what’s nearby, but distant objects are blurry because light from
them is focused in front of the
retina, a condition called myopia

front 17

Farsightedness

back 17

Distant objects are clear, but those objects nearby are blurry because their point of focus falls beyond the
surface of the retina a condition
called hyperopia.

front 18

Cones

back 18

Detect color, operate under normal daylight conditions, and allow us to focus on fine detail

front 19

Rods

back 19

Become active under low-light conditions for night vision

front 20

Fovea

back 20

a small depression within the neurosensory retina where visual acuity is the highest.

front 21

Blind Spot

back 21

Light sensitive receptor cells in the retinal surface excited by or inhibited by spots of light causes the optic nerve to develop a blindspot.

front 22

Primary Colors (Red, Green, Blue)

back 22

these 3 colors make up the entire color spectrum.

front 23

Color Deficiency

back 23

Color blindness (one or more cone types missing)

front 24

Ventral (What)

back 24

temporal lobe that allows us to perceive shape and identity.

front 25

Dorsal (Where)

back 25

to the parietal lobe that allows us to spatial relations.

front 26

Simplicity

back 26

When confronted with two or more
possible interpretations of an object’s, the visual systems tends to select the simplest or most likely interpretation

front 27

Closure

back 27

We tend to fill in missing elements of a
visual scene

front 28

Continuity

back 28

When edges or contours have same
we tend to group together edges or contours that have the same orientation

front 29

Similarity

back 29

Regions that a similar in shape, color, or texture are perceived as belonging to the same object.

front 30

Proximity

back 30

Things that are close together tend to be grouped together

front 31

Common Fate

back 31

Elements of a visual image that move
together are perceived as part of a single moving
object.

front 32

Figure-Ground

back 32

a human's ability to visually differentiate between an object and its background.