front 1 government | back 1 the governing body of a nation, state, or community; an institution |
front 2 politics | back 2 the process by which a society decides how power and resources will be distributed within a society |
front 3 institution | back 3 established law, practice, and a custom for a people |
front 4 3 government powers | back 4 legislative (law), executive (enforce), judicial (interpret/settle disputes) |
front 5 territory | back 5 state with land and known/recognized borders (vatican city) |
front 6 sovereignty | back 6 state with supreme and absolute power within their own territory and can decide their own policies (US colonies) |
front 7 the force theory | back 7 an individual or a group claims control over a territory and forces the population to submit |
front 8 divine right theory | back 8 God created the state, making it sovereign- therefore God chooses a sovereign to rule |
front 9 evolutionary theory | back 9 primitive families claimed a territory and the heads of families became the government |
front 10 social contract theory | back 10 a population in a given territory gave up as much power to govern as needed to create a sovereign state |
front 11 monarchy | back 11 f of g in which the monarch holds sovereign authority until death or retirement |
front 12 constitutional monarchy | back 12 f of g in which non-elected monarch exercises ultimate governing authority as head of state |
front 13 theocracy | back 13 f of g in which God is recognized as the Supreme civil ruler. His laws being interpreted by the ecclesiastical authorities. takes form of kingdom. |
front 14 anarchy | back 14 f of g referes to the state of a society being without authorities or a governing body (results in violence, confusion, chaos) *no gov is a gov* |
front 15 democracy | back 15 f of g where the citizens exercise power by voting |
front 16 direct democracy | back 16 is when the people vote directly on the laws or other issues that are proposed |
front 17 indirect democracy | back 17 is when the people elect representatives who vote on laws on the behalf of the people |
front 18 republic | back 18 f of g which individuals represent the citizen body, and exercise power according to the rule of law under a constitution *a republic must have a constitution* |
front 19 confederation | back 19 a union of sovereign states, united for purposes of common action often in relation to other states - established for dealing with critical issues, defense, foreign relations, international trade or currency |
front 20 oligarchy and aristocracy | back 20 f of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people |
front 21 oligarchy | back 21 power held by weath |
front 22 aristocracy | back 22 power held by privileged or hereditary |
front 23 totalitarianism: dictatorships | back 23 f of g and political system that prohibits all opposition parties |
front 24 dictatorship | back 24 an authoritarian f of g, where a single leader has full control |
front 25 the magna carta | back 25 a medieval document signed in 1215, limiting a british absolute monarch |
front 26 our government is the way it is bc | back 26 we originated from british colonies (French and Indian War/7 year war) |
front 27 first continental congress came together | back 27 spring of 1774 to october |
front 28 second continental congress | back 28 1774-1775, by force come together bc the nations first national gov only public opinion. |
front 29 the "3" W's | back 29 wealthy, white, well-educated (no women) |
front 30 the first written constitution of the US | back 30 the articles of confederation and perpetual union (ratifies 1781) |
front 31 confederation of states, each state remains sovereign | back 31 1) limitations placed upon the central government rendered it ineffective at governing the continually growing american states 2) unicameral legislature, each state one vote 3) no president, no judiciary 4) could not force taxation, no standing army |
front 32 constitutional convention in Philly | back 32 met 1787 to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the articles of confederation |
front 33 quorum | back 33 the minimum number of members of an assembly that must be present at any of its meetings to make the proceedings of that meeting valid |
front 34 major debates at the constitutional convention | back 34 1) representation --> large and small states fought 2) state vs federal powers --> should fed or states have more power 3) executive power 4) commerce 5) SLAVERY |
front 35 once the farmers resolved to replace the articles of fed | back 35 2 major plans with the new gov: virginia plan, new jersey plan |
front 36 the federalist papers | back 36 is a collection of 85 articles and essays written under the pseudonym "publius" to promote the ratification of the US constitution |
front 37 consitution | back 37 body of fundamental laws which say how a government is to operate - supreme law of the land, how gov works, protects YOUR civil rights |
front 38 America's concept of democracy | back 38 1) worth of the individual 2) equality of all persons 3) majority rule, minority rights 4) necessity of compromise 5) insistence upon individual freedom |
front 39 America's concept of republicanism | back 39 1) popular sovereignty 2) limited government 3) separation of power 4) checks and balances 5) judicial review 6) federalism |