The client is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to which phenomenon in the remaining liver cells?
Select one:

A. Metaplasia
B. Compensatory hyperplasia
C. Organ atrophy
D. Physiologic hypertrophy

B. Compensatory hyperplasia

When performing an assessment on a school-aged child, the nurse notes that the mucous membranes along the gum margins have a noticeable blue-colored line. At this point, the nurse should ask the parents about possible:
Select one:

A. Liver problems as an infant
B. Second-hand smoke exposure
C. Exposure to lead
D. Congenital heart problems

C. Exposure to lead

A patient has experienced significant decreases in mobility and stamina during a 3-week hospital stay for the treatment of a femoral head fracture. Which of the following phenomena most likely accounts for the patient’s decrease in muscle function?

A. Dysplasia as a consequence of inflammation during bone remodeling
B. Impaired muscle cell metabolism resulting from metaplasia
C. Ischemic atrophy resulting from vascular changes while on bedrest
D. Disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility

D. Disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility

Which type of cell adaptation occurs when normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial cells?

1. Hyperplasia
2. Metaplasia
3. Dysplasia
4. Anaplasia

B. Metaplasia