front 1 What are the mechanical properties? | back 1 yield strength, creep, stiffness, impact, ductility, and fatigue strength |
front 2 What are the physical properties? | back 2 conductivity, temperature, thermal, and environmental |
front 3 What type of atoms make up a metal? | back 3 mostly made of metallic elements |
front 4 What are typical mechanical properties for a metal? | back 4 high electrical conductivity, ductile, strong, shiny |
front 5 Are metals typically amorphous or crystalline? | back 5 crystsalline |
front 6 Are metals typically single crystal or multi-grained? | back 6 multigrain |
front 7 Do metals have high or low electrical and thermal conductivity? | back 7 high |
front 8 What is a ceramic? | back 8 compounds of metallic and non metallic elements |
front 9 What are typical mechanical properties for a ceramic? | back 9 corrosion resistant, low thermal conductivity, brittle, capable of being used at high temperatures |
front 10 Are ceramics typically amorphous or crystalline? | back 10 both |
front 11 Are crystalline ceramics typically single crystal or multi-grained? | back 11 multigrain |
front 12 Do ceramics have high or low electrical and thermal conductivity? | back 12 low |
front 13 What is a polymer | back 13 larger molecules made from smaller molecules in a process called polymerization |
front 14 What are typical mechanical properties for polymers? | back 14 transparent, low electrical and thermal conductivity, and low density |
front 15 What are typical mechanical properties for thermosets? | back 15 low density, brittle, and low electrical conductivity |
front 16 Are thermosets, thermoplastics, and elastomers typically amorphous or crystalline? | back 16 thermosets- amorphous thermoplastics/elastomers- amorphous or crystalline |
front 17 Do polymers have high or low electrical and thermal conductivity? | back 17 low |
front 18 What is a composite material? | back 18 materials formed mechanically from 2 or more materials |
front 19 What is a semiconductor | back 19 an intermediate between metals and ceramics |
front 20 How can the electrical properties of a semiconductor be altered? | back 20 they can be changed by altering the concentration of minute amounts of impurity atoms |
front 21 Are semiconductors typically amorphous or crystalline? | back 21 cyrstalline |
front 22 Are crystalline semiconductors typically single crystal or multi-grained? | back 22 mostly single crystals |
front 23 Give some common examples of each material type... metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and semiconductors | back 23 metals-steel, cast iron, brass, bronze, aluminum alloys ceramics-alumina, MgO, silica, silicon nitride (brick/glass) polymers-C, O, N, H, Si, F (furniture/paints/adhesives) composites- tires, fiberglass, concrete semiconductors-silicon, germanium (electoronics/detectors) |
front 24 What is a grain structure? | back 24 Found in crystalline materials. It is the portion of a material which has a particular arrangement and a boundary. |
front 25 What is a mechanical property? | back 25 It describes how a material responds to an applied force. It affects how a material can be used and produced. physical properties are everything else |
front 26 What is an ionic bond? | back 26 Electrons are given/taken to creat full shells. For compounds with not pure elements. |
front 27 What is a covalent bond? | back 27 Sharing electrons to get 8 valence electrons |
front 28 What is a metallic bond? | back 28 Only occurs in metals when valence electrons are shared. (a sea of negative electrons) |
front 29 What are the typical electrical properties for a material with an ionic bond? | back 29 good electrical conductors and insulators |
front 30 What are the typical electrical properties for a material with a covalent bond? | back 30 they arent very good electrical conductors |
front 31 What are the typical electrical properties for a material with a metallic bond? | back 31 high electrical and thermal conductors |
front 32 Are the bond strengths for secondary bonds higher or lower than those for primary bonds? | back 32 lower |
front 33 As the bond strength increases would you expect the melting point to increase or decrease? | back 33 increase |
front 34 As the bond strength increases would you expect the stiffness of a material to increase or decrease? | back 34 increase |
front 35 What is a thermoplastic polymer? | back 35 Molecules that are not rigidly linked together but have good ductility and formability |
front 36 What is a thermoset polymer? | back 36 molecules that are rigidly linked together, stronger and more brittle |
front 37 What is an elastomer polymer? | back 37 (rubbers) - are extremely kinked up and partially linked together so that they can be stretched and still recover their original shape. |
front 38 Which has higher ductility-a thermoset or thermoplastic polymer? Why? | back 38 Thermoplastics because the secondary bonding between chains is weaker. |
front 39 How are ceramic and polymer crystal structures different from metallic crystal structures? | back 39 Ceramic and polymer crystal structures are amorphous, while metallic crystals are generally crystalline |
front 40 When a metallic element and oxygen are combined to form a ceramic what is the ceramic called? | back 40 silica - crystalline and amoprhous |
front 41 How are ceramic crystal structures named? | back 41 They are named after a common compound (atom per lattice site) |
front 42 What is an interstitial? | back 42 a defect (an extra atom inserted at the lattice site that is not normal) |
front 43 Are there any pure elements? | back 43 NO! |
front 44 What is a substitutional solid solution? | back 44 when the solute (minor element) replaces the solvent (major element) in a crystal. |
front 45 What is an interstitial solid solution? | back 45 When solute atoms are located in the spaces between the solvent atoms. |
front 46 What is the solvent-rich phase called in a solid? | back 46 matrix |
front 47 What is the solute-rich phase called in a solid? | back 47 precipitate |
front 48 Rank the following in terms of increasing ductility? | back 48 least ductile to most HCP, BCC, FCC |
front 49 List four ways that a metal could be strengthened. | back 49 1. solid solution stregnthening 2. plastic defomation 3. grain-size strengthening 4. Precipitaion strengthening |
front 50 What is the mechanism by which the strengthening occurs | back 50 grain boundaries |
front 51 Plastic deformation of a metal increases the strength of the metal. How does this occur? | back 51 Because plastic deformation distorts the material until its max yield strength and causes it to have less ductility and more strength. |
front 52 How are thermoplastic polymers strengthened? Describe the mechanism! | back 52 They are reinforced with fibers by aligning the chains to get them stronger and more brittle |
front 53 Typically as the strength of a metal increases what happens to the ductility? | back 53 ductility increases |
front 54 Practice math problems | back 54 ok! |