front 1 Abduction | back 1 Moving the limb or hand laterally away from the body, or spreading the fingers or toes. |
front 2 Adduction | back 2 Movement that brings the limb or hand toward or across the midline of the body, or brings the fingers or toes together. |
front 3 Amphiarthrosis | back 3 A slightly mobile joint. |
front 4 Ankylosis | back 4 Fixation and immobility of a joint. |
front 5 Appendicular skeleton | back 5 All bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the girdle bones that attach each limb to the axial skeleton. |
front 6 Arthralgia | back 6 Joint pain. |
front 7 Arthritis | back 7 Chronic inflammation of the synovial joints. |
front 8 Arthrocentesis | back 8 Surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from a joint. |
front 9 Arthrodesis | back 9 Surgical fixation of a joint. |
front 10 Arthrography | back 10 Process of recording a joint. |
front 11 Arthroplasty | back 11 Joint replacement surgery. |
front 12 Arthroscopy | back 12 Process of viewing a joint using an endoscope. |
front 13 Articulations | back 13 Where two bone surfaces meet. |
front 14 Autoimmune diseases/disorders | back 14 Disorders in which the immune system overreacts and begins to attack itself. |
front 15 Axial skeleton | back 15 The central, vertical axis of the body, including the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. |
front 16 Bradykinesia | back 16 Condition of slow movement. |
front 17 Bursitis | back 17 Inflammation of a bursa near a joint. |
front 18 Chondromalacia | back 18 Degeneration of cartilage. |
front 19 Chronic | back 19 A condition that lasts a long time with periods of remission and exacerbation. |
front 20 Craniotomy | back 20 An operation in which a piece of the skull is removed. |
front 21 Diarthrosis | back 21 Freely mobile joints. |
front 22 Diskectomy | back 22 Excision of the intervertebral disk. |
front 23 Discitis | back 23 Inflammation of the intervertebral disk. |
front 24 Dyskinesia | back 24 Abnormal involuntary movements of the extremities, trunk, or jaw. |
front 25 Edema | back 25 Swelling due to excessive liquid in the tissues. |
front 26 Eversion | back 26 Foot movement in which the bottom of the foot is turned laterally, away from the midline. |
front 27 Extension | back 27 Movement in the sagittal plane that increases the angle of a joint (straightens the joint). |
front 28 Flexion | back 28 Movement in the sagittal plane that decreases the angle of a joint (bends the joint). |
front 29 Hematopoiesis | back 29 The production of blood cells. |
front 30 Hyperkinesia | back 30 Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole. |
front 31 Hypertrophy | back 31 The enlargement of muscles. |
front 32 Inversion | back 32 Foot movement in which the bottom of the foot is turned toward the midline. |
front 33 Kyphosis | back 33 An excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region; also called humpback. |
front 34 Lordosis | back 34 Excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar vertebral column region; also called swayback. |
front 35 Lumbar | back 35 Pertaining to the lumbar region of the spine (L1 to L5). |
front 36 Lumbosacral | back 36 Pertaining to the region of the back that includes the lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and nearby structures. |
front 37 Muscular dystrophy | back 37 A general term for the group of inherited myopathies that are characterized by wasting and weakness of the skeletal muscle. |
front 38 Osteitis | back 38 Inflammation of bone. |
front 39 Osteoarthritis | back 39 The most common type of arthritis; associated with aging and “wear and tear” of the articular cartilage. |
front 40 Osteoblast | back 40 The cell responsible for forming new bone. |
front 41 Osteochondritis | back 41 Inflammation of bone and cartilage. |
front 42 Osteocyte | back 42 Bone cell. |
front 43 Osteomalacia | back 43 A softening of adult bones due to Vitamin D deficiency. |
front 44 Osteomyelitis | back 44 Inflammation of bone and bone marrow. |
front 45 Osteonecrosis | back 45 Abnormal condition of bone death (lack of blood supply). |
front 46 Osteopenia | back 46 Abnormally low bone mass or bone mineral density. |
front 47 Osteopetrosis | back 47 Abnormal condition of porous bones. |
front 48 Osteoporosis | back 48 A disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass that occurs when the rate of bone resorption exceeds the rate of bone formation. |
front 49 Osteosarcoma | back 49 Malignant tumor of bone. |
front 50 Pelvic | back 50 Pertaining to the pelvis. |
front 51 Pronation | back 51 Forearm motion that moves the palm of the hand from the palm forward to the palm backward position. |
front 52 Rotation | back 52 Movement of a bone around a central axis or around its long axis. |
front 53 Sarcopenia | back 53 Age-related muscle atrophy. |
front 54 Scoliosis | back 54 Lateral curvature of the spine. |
front 55 Spondyloarthritis | back 55 Inflammation of the joints of the spine. |
front 56 Spondylosis | back 56 A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any part of the vertebra, intervertebral disk, and surrounding soft tissue. |
front 57 Supination | back 57 Forearm motion that moves the palm of the hand from the palm backward to the palm forward position. |
front 58 Synarthrosis | back 58 An immobile or nearly immobile joint. |
front 59 Synovectomy | back 59 Excision of the synovial membrane. |
front 60 Synovial sarcoma | back 60 Malignant tumor of the synovial membrane. |
front 61 Tendinitis | back 61 Inflammation of the tendon. |
front 62 Tenosynovitis | back 62 Inflammation of the synovial membrane of a tendon. |
front 63 Vertebroplasty | back 63 A procedure used to repair a bone in the spine that has a break caused by cancer, osteoporosis, or trauma. |