front 1 language | back 1 our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning |
front 2 phoneme | back 2 in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit |
front 3 morpheme | back 3 in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix) |
front 4 grammar | back 4 in a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others |
front 5 babbling stage | back 5 beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language |
front 6 one-word stage | back 6 the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words |
front 7 two-word stage | back 7 beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements |
front 8 telegraphic speech | back 8 early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram- "go car"- using mostly nouns and verbs |
front 9 aphasia | back 9 impairment to language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing understanding) |
front 10 Broca's area | back 10 controls language expression- an area of the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech |
front 11 Wernicke's area | back 11 controls language reception- a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the left temporal lobe |
front 12 linguistic determinism | back 12 Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think |