Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

49 notecards = 13 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Sensory

front 1

What is the line passing between center or cornea and lens to the retina?

back 1

Bulbar Axis

front 2

What is the coordination of both eyes and focusing on the same object?

back 2

Binocular Vision

front 3

What is called when one eye focuses on an object?

back 3

Monocular Vision

front 4

What eye position is on a long narrow head?

back 4

Lateral Placement

front 5

  • Visual Feild is large
  • Binocular vision is less than formal

back 5

Lateral Placement

front 6

What eye position is on a broad head?

back 6

Frontal Placement

front 7

  • Visual Feild is less than lateral
  • Binocular vision is greater

back 7

Frontal Placement

front 8

What eye shape has these characteristics Diurnal Birds, Narrow Head, and low visual acuity?

back 8

Flat Eye Shape

front 9

What eye shape has these characteristics Diurnal Birds, Broad Head, and greater visual acuity?

back 9

Globular Eye Shape

front 10

What eye shape is for nocturnal birds?

back 10

Tubular Eye Shape

front 11

What are the three eye tunics?

back 11

  • Outer fibrous tunic
  • Middle vascular tunic
  • Inner nervous tunic

front 12

The Shape of the eye is maintained by what?

back 12

Fibrous Tunic

front 13

What is the transparent region of the eye and that refracts light?

back 13

Cornea

front 14

What is the fibrous tunic of the eye?

back 14

Scleral ossicles

front 15

What is the junction between the cornea and the sclera?

back 15

Limbus

front 16

What suspends the eye lens and has zonular fibers?

back 16

Ciliary body

front 17

What is the Vascular Tunic?

back 17

It is choroid thick vascular dark pigmented area that covers the retina continued by ciliary body and iris.

front 18

Where is the Iris attached?

back 18

It is attached to the ciliary body.

front 19

What is ciliary process?

back 19

It is a small fold.

front 20

What controls the Iris?

back 20

Controlled by sphincter and dilator muscles.

front 21

What is the Iris?

back 21

It forms the Pupil.

front 22

What makes up the Iris?

back 22

  • Lipochromes
  • Guanine Pigment
  • Iridocytes

front 23

What influences the color of the Iris?

back 23

  • season
  • maturity
  • gender

front 24

What are Iridocytes?

back 24

They are reflective cells located in the cell.

front 25

What is the Tapetum Lucidum?

back 25

It is the reflective body

front 26

What is the function of Nervous Tunic?

back 26

Image Analysis

front 27

What is the size of the Avian Retina?

back 27

It is thick and avascular

front 28

What type of birds have cone shaped and what is the purpose?

back 28

Diurnal birds and they serve for color acuity.

front 29

What type of bird has rod shapes and what is the purpose?

back 29

Nocturnal Birds and they serve for better Light intensity.

front 30

The function of the Fovea centralis?

back 30

  • high cone concentration
  • Two fovea in some species
  • No rods

front 31

Where is the eye blind spot?

back 31

where the optic nerve enters the eye

front 32

What is the function of Pecten projection of retina and choroid into
vitreous body?

back 32

Nourishes the inner retinal layers

front 33

What are some characteristics of the chickens lens?

back 33

  • Softer than mammals
  • Rapid accommodation
  • Optically clear in diurnal birds
  • Transmits light to 350nm almost UV

front 34

What is the mechanism of the Compression of the entire lens?

back 34

Posterior sclerocorneal muscle in Diurnal birds

front 35

What is the mechanism of the Distortion of corneal center?

back 35

Anterior sclerocorneal muscle in Nocturnal birds and hawks

front 36

Compression of lens front via anterior muscle and
sphincter of iris

back 36

Found in Diving birds

front 37

What are the functions of hearing in birds?

back 37

  • Predator and food id
  • Social communication
  • Echo location

front 38

What do ear coverts have?

back 38

Feathers with barbules and reduce noise from turbulence during flight.

front 39

The characteristics of the External acoustic meatus?

back 39

  • circular opening on the side of the skull
  • Operculum flap of skin to assist with hearing
  • Diving birds have the ability to close it

front 40

What parts make up the middle ear?

back 40

  • Includes air filled cavity between the inner ear
  • tympanum
    – Tympanum projects outward and is semi transparent
    – Attaches to columellar muscle
  • Columella auris bone (stapes)

front 41

What parks make up the inner ear?

back 41

  • Membranous and bony labyrinths
  • Filled with endolymph and perilymph
  • Cochlea short curved containing sound
    receptors
  • Vestibular organ semi-circular canals filled
    with fluid for balance

front 42

What nerve stimulates smelling in Avian?

back 42

The Olfactory cervical nerve

front 43

What are the Three parts to somatosensory receptors?

back 43

  • Sensory nerve terminal
  • Afferent fiber
  • Non-nervous tissue

front 44

What type of somatosensory receptor has Herbst corpuscles Grandry corpuscles?

back 44

Mechanoreceptors

front 45

What type of somatosensory receptor senses temperature?

back 45

Thermoreceptors

front 46

What type of somatosensory receptor senses pain?

back 46

Nociceptors

front 47

What type of somatosensory receptor senses chemicals?

back 47

Chemoreceptors

front 48

What type of somatosensory receptor senses light?

back 48

Photoreceptors

front 49

What type of somatosensory receptor senses electric current?

back 49

Electroreceptors