front 1 osteoblasts | back 1 bone building cells |
front 2 osteocytes | back 2 mature bone cells |
front 3 osteoclasts | back 3 bone destroying cells |
front 4 compact bone | back 4 hard, dense bone tissue that has little space in between components |
front 5 lamellae | back 5 concentric rings made up of hollow tubes of bone matrix |
front 6 central haversian canal | back 6 opening of the center of an osteon, carries blood vessels and nerves |
front 7 volkmanns canals | back 7 channels lying at right angles to the central canal, connecting blood and nerve supply of the periosteum to that of the Haversian canal |
front 8 lacunae | back 8 small cavities in bone that contain osteocytes |
front 9 Haversian system (Osteon) | back 9 structural unit of compact bone |
front 10 Spongy bone | back 10 Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone, spaces filled with Red Bone Marrow |
front 11 Endochondral ossification | back 11 process in which bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage |
front 12 Intramembranous ossification | back 12 bone develops from a fibrous membrane; example is the skull |
front 13 Wolff's Law | back 13 A bone grows or remodels in response to forces or demands placed upon it |
front 14 Long bones | back 14 longer than they are wide |
front 15 Short bones | back 15 equal in length and width; carpal and tarsal bones |
front 16 Flat bones | back 16 These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form the ribs, breastbone, and skull. |
front 17 Irregular bones | back 17 bones that are complex in shape; vertebrae, facial bones |
front 18 Sesamoid bones | back 18 small bones situated within tendons; patella |
front 19 Diaphysis | back 19 shaft of a long bone |
front 20 Epiphysis | back 20 Broadened End of a long bone |
front 21 Metaphysis | back 21 growth zone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis during development of a long bone |
front 22 Periosteum | back 22 A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles. |
front 23 Endosteum | back 23 membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone |
front 24 Medullary cavity | back 24 cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow |
front 25 Sinus | back 25 Cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane |
front 26 Tubercle | back 26 Small rounded projection or process |
front 27 Meatus | back 27 Tubelike passageway within a bone |
front 28 Tuberosity | back 28 Large rounded projection; may be roughened |
front 29 Condyle | back 29 A smooth, rounded articular process creates smooth arc of motion |
front 30 Process | back 30 any bony prominence |
front 31 Trochanter | back 31 Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process found on the proximal femur |
front 32 Fossa | back 32 Relatively deep pit or depression |
front 33 Foramen | back 33 Round or oval opening through a bone |
front 34 Axial skeleton | back 34 Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column |
front 35 Appendicular skeleton | back 35 Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton |
front 36 Coronal suture | back 36 the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull |
front 37 Sagittal suture | back 37 between the two parietal bones |
front 38 Lambdoidal suture | back 38 suture that separates parietal bones from occipital bone |
front 39 Squamosal suture | back 39 between parietal bone and temporal bone on side of the skull, bordered in back by occipital bone |
front 40 Fontanels | back 40 Gaps between a baby's skull that slowly close up during the first 18 months of life |
front 41 Anterior fontanel | back 41 Anterior side of the skull Where the sagittal suture and coronal suture meet |
front 42 Posterior fontanel | back 42 back soft spot on fetal skull between parietal and occipital bone |
front 43 anterolateral fontanel (sphenoidal) | back 43 soft spot between the parietal, frontal, temporal, and sphenoid bones |
front 44 posterolateral fontanel (mastoid) | back 44 soft spot between the occipital, parietal, and temporal bones |
front 45 Synarthrotic joints (fibrous) | back 45 immovable joints held together by connective tissue |
front 46 Amphiarthrotic joints (cartilaginous) | back 46 slightly movable joints held together by cartilage |
front 47 Diarthrotic joints (synovial) | back 47 freely movable joints held together by a synovial capsule containing synovial fluid |
front 48 Gliding joint | back 48 allows one bone to slide over another; found in wrist and ankles |
front 49 Hinge joint | back 49 Joint between bones (as at the elbow or knee) that permits motion in only one plane |
front 50 Pivot joint | back 50 Allows for rotation around the length of a bone, and only allows for rotation. |
front 51 Saddle joint | back 51 type of joint found at the base of each thumb; allows grasping and rotation |
front 52 Ball and socket joint | back 52 rounded head articulates with depression; shoulder and hip |
front 53 Tendons | back 53 Connect muscle to bone |
front 54 Ligaments | back 54 Connect bone to bone |
front 55 Menisci | back 55 Pads of cartilage that lie between the articular surfaces of the bones |
front 56 Bursa | back 56 fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another |
front 57 Fracture | back 57 broken bone |
front 58 Sprain | back 58 injury to a ligament |
front 59 Herniated disc | back 59 protrusion of a fragmented intervertebral disc in the intervertebral foramen with potential compression of a nerve |
front 60 Spina Bifida | back 60 a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it |
front 61 Kyphosis | back 61 excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back. |
front 62 Lordosis | back 62 abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back condition) |
front 63 Scoliosis | back 63 abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
front 64 Osteoarthritis | back 64 inflammation of the bone and joint |
front 65 Osteoporosis | back 65 A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily. |
front 66 Rheumatoid arthritis | back 66 a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked |