front 1 Actus Reus | back 1 no data |
front 2 Mens Rea | back 2 no data |
front 3 Causation | back 3 two types: actual and proximate |
front 4 Defenses | back 4 no data |
front 5 Common law expression of mens rea | back 5 Intentional, knowing, willfully, negligently, reckless, maliciously |
front 6 Specific Intent | back 6 no data |
front 7 General Intent | back 7 no data |
front 8 Model Penal Code Aspects of Culpability | back 8 Purposely, knowingly, recklessly, negligently |
front 9 Actual cause | back 9 But-for Substantial factor |
front 10 But-for Test | back 10 But for the actions of the defendant, the outcome never would have occurred |
front 11 Substantial Factor Test | back 11 Examines individual conduct alone and determines if the stand-alone actions would have caused the result |
front 12 Acceleration Theory | back 12 If something has been done that is not enough to cause a result, but accelerates the result, there could still be liability |
front 13 Proximate Cause | back 13 no data |
front 14 Intervening Factor | back 14 Something that happens between the action of the defendant and the prohibited result |
front 15 Superseding cause | back 15 Breaks the causal relationship between defendant's conduct and the prohibited result |
front 16 Reasonably Foreseeable | back 16 Responsive actions that are consistent with the response in question does not break the causal chain |
front 17 Apparent Safety Doctrine | back 17 Once the danger from the defendant is no longer present, they are no longer considered a proximate cause |
front 18 Voluntary Human Intervention | back 18 When a victim makes a free and deliberate decision that contributes to his death, that decision should relieve the defendant of liability |
front 19 De Minimis Causes | back 19 Very minor causes that will not be considered proximate causes and will not result in criminal liability The law generally will not treat a very minor but-for cause as a proximate cause when responsibility can be attached to a far more substantial cause |
front 20 Omissions | back 20 Failure to perform a legal duty when one has the capacity to do so Will not supersede an earlier, positive act Cannot be superseding factors |
front 21 Intended Consequences Doctrine | back 21 If an intentional wrongdoer gets what they wanted in a general manner they wanted it, they should not, all else being equal, escape criminal responsibility even if an unforeseeable event intervened Criminal liability can still be found for intended consequences even if they result from ways that weren't intended or foresaw |
front 22 Concurrence of Elements | back 22 no data |
front 23 Criminal Homicide | back 23 Unlawful killing of another being with malice aforethought |
front 24 Malice aforethought | back 24 no data |