front 1 What do sulfanolyureas dp? | back 1 stimulates the secretion of insulin |
front 2 What kind of patients take sulfanolureas (glyburide)? | back 2 patients that still have beta cell production in pancreas (T2) |
front 3 What are sulfonylureas known to be? | back 3 the oldest group of oral medications for T2DM |
front 4 What does a patient need to have with them at ALL times if they take glyburide? | back 4 carry a rapid acting carb (juice, sugar cube, etc.) |
front 5 What is an effect of glyburide? | back 5 decreasing BP and managing postprandial hyperglycemia |
front 6 When should a person take glyburide? | back 6 30 minutes before meals to prevent hypoglycemia |
front 7 glyburide contraindications | back 7 sulfa allergy, severe renal/hepatic impairment, pregnant/lactating, pituitary/thyroid disorders. |
front 8 What are biguanides? | back 8 the initial drug of choice for T2D |
front 9 what is biguanide's prototype drug | back 9 metformin |
front 10 Metformin is? | back 10 THE FIRST LINE FOR DM THERAPY |
front 11 Does metformin bind to plasma proteins in the SI for circulation? | back 11 NO |
front 12 what does metformin do? | back 12 decreased the production of glucose in the liver/intestinal absorption of glucose to increase insulin sensitivity = increased uptake of glucose |
front 13 Metformin BBW | back 13 risk for lactic acidosis (so WITH HOLD DAY OF SURGERY) |
front 14 When should we hold metformin? | back 14 if the patient has SEVERE KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION |
front 15 What would you tell a patient taking metformin? | back 15 take with meals whole and discontinue if diagnosed with an MI |
front 16 what is the prototype drug for alpha glucosid(ase) inhibitors? | back 16 acarbase |
front 17 What does acarbose do? | back 17 delay digestion of carbs |
front 18 are alpha glucosidase good by them selves? | back 18 NO they need to be combined with sulfonylurea to be effective |
front 19 side effects of acarbose? | back 19 gas, bloating, diarrhea |
front 20 Which type of patients should NOT be using acarbose? | back 20 any patient's with an intestinal disorder (ie. IBD, Celiac) |
front 21 what is the prototype drug for thiazolidinediones? | back 21 rosiglitazone maleate |
front 22 What does rosiglitazaone do? | back 22 decreases insulin resistance |
front 23 how would you recognize a thiazolidinedione? | back 23 "-glitazone" |
front 24 how long do glitazones take to work? | back 24 12 weeks |
front 25 bbw for glitazones? | back 25 risk of congestive heart failure |
front 26 glitazones are? | back 26 hepatotoxic |
front 27 what is the prototype drugs for meglitinides? | back 27 repaglinidine |
front 28 repaglinidine is similar to ______ due to similar_____, which is _______. | back 28 sulfonylureas; mechanisms of action; stimulate secretion of insulin |
front 29 what is the prototype drug for SGLT2 inhibitors? | back 29 canagliflozin, empagliflozin |
front 30 what does canagliflozin do? | back 30 inhibits renal SGLT-2 (blocking reabsorption of glucose in kidneys) and promotes excess glucose excretion in the urine (it makes ya go pee more). also protects the kidneys n heart. |
front 31 when ya flo? | back 31 ya gotta go |
front 32 for SGLT2 inhibitors, the higher the glucose, ______? | back 32 the better they work |
front 33 what are some adverse effects of SGLT2 inhibitors? | back 33 balanitis, candida, vulvovaginal candidiasis. bc of the extra glucose in urine (ie more sugar) puts ya at more risk for infection since bacteria loveeee glucose |
front 34 what is SGLT2 not recommended for? | back 34 pts with a GLR <45 mL/min |
front 35 dd4-enzyme | back 35 inactivates incretins (BAD) |
front 36 glp-1 | back 36 stimulates insulin release and inhibits glucagon release (GOOD) |
front 37 what is the prototype drug for dipepidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors? | back 37 sitagliptin |
front 38 What is the mechanism of action for dipepidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (sitagliptin)? | back 38 decreases rate of inactivation of incretin hormones (GLP-1) to increase hormone levels and prolong activity |
front 39 what is the prototype drug for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1)? | back 39 exenatide |
front 40 other drugs in GLP-1 drug class? | back 40 dulaglutide (trulicity), and semaglutide (wegovy) |
front 41 BBW for dulagluticide | back 41 thyroid cancer and contraindicated in pts with a family history of endocrine neoplasia type 2 |
front 42 what is the bbw for amylin analogs? | back 42 pramlintide acetate |
front 43 what does pramlinitide acetate do? | back 43 decreases gastric emptying and postprandial secretion leading to an increased sense of satiety |
front 44 renal protection for diabetes | back 44 ACE/ARBS in pts who have proteinuria |
front 45 lipid management for dm | back 45 statins |
front 46 HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT | back 46
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front 47 diabetic women regardless of T2 or gestational shld | back 47 always be on REGULAR insulin |
front 48 don't give drugs to kids, unless T1, give | back 48 insulin |
front 49 What kind of adjustment do some drugs need? | back 49 renal adjustment, all depends on renal function |