front 1 What are some antifungal drug classes? | back 1 Polyenes, Azoles, and Pyrimidine analogs |
front 2 What is the prototype drug for polyenes? | back 2 amphotericin B deoxycholate (also called ampB) |
front 3 What does amphotericin B deoxycholate do | back 3 it disrupts the fungal membrane, stopping reproduction |
front 4 Amphotericin B deoxycholate has a BBW. What is it? | back 4 it should only be used for potentially fatal infections due to its various side effects |
front 5 What are some nursing considerations for amphotericin B deoxycholate? | back 5 "ampho-terrible" (bc of its various side effects). Renal impairment is common(so keep pt hydrated with IV sodium chloride), organ failure, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, N/V (premedicate to treat before manifestations) |
front 6 What should you always use for amphotericin B deoxycholate? | back 6 ALWAYS have a dedicated IV line and filter. |
front 7 If you are administering amphotericin B deoxycholate in its lipid formulation, what should you NOT have? | back 7 an in line filter (the filter will remove the medication) |
front 8 What is the prototype drug for azoles? | back 8 fluconazole |
front 9 What does fluconazole do? | back 9 it disrupts membrane permeability |
front 10 What would we use fluconazole for? | back 10 candida infections (it is the drug of choice) |
front 11 What are some nursing considerations when using fluconazole? | back 11 Use half of the dose if the pt has poor renal function, it is hepatotoxic, and is an enzyme inhibitor (meaning it lowers drug metabolism, increasing the effect of some drugs leading to a risk of toxicity, so watch out for drug interactions) |
front 12 What is the prototype drug for pyrimidine analog? | back 12 flucystosine |
front 13 What does flucystosine do? | back 13 It affects the fungus CM resulting in cell death |
front 14 How would you use flucytosine? | back 14 in combination with amphotericin B deoxycholate to treat candida and crytococcus |
front 15 Flucystosine has a BBW. What is it? | back 15 you have to use caution if giving it to someone with renal dysfunction |
front 16 What are some nursing considerations when it comes to flucytosine? | back 16 hepatotoxic and bone marrow toxicity are dependent on the dose, so monitor labs closely for dose adjustment if needed. |
front 17 What are some drugs classes used for parasites? | back 17 amebicides, antimalarials, antihelmintics, scabicides and pediculicides |
front 18 What is the prototype drug for ambecides? | back 18 metronidazole |
front 19 How does metronidazole work? | back 19 it diffuses across the parasite Cm, resulting in cell death |
front 20 What would you use metronidazole for? | back 20 intestinal amebiases, trichomoniasis |
front 21 What are some nursing considerations for metronidazole? | back 21 metallic taste, dark urine, AVOID ALCOHOL DURING TREATMENT AND 3 DAYS AFTER (if taken w alcohol will cause disulfiram), assess stools for diarrhea (hopefully it stops) |
front 22 What is the prototype drug for antimalarials? | back 22 chloroquine phosphate |
front 23 What do all antimalarials end in? | back 23 "-quine" |
front 24 What does chloroquine phosphate do? | back 24 it interferes with parasite's DNA, RNA, and metabolism |
front 25 What is chloroquine phosphate used for? | back 25 treatment and prophylaxis (prevention) of malaria |
front 26 What are some nursing considerations for chloroquine phosphate? | back 26 visual disturbances, ECG changes (QTC interval prolongation), take same day every week for prophylaxis, take daily for treatment. |
front 27 What is the prototype drug for antihelmintics? | back 27 Mebendazole |
front 28 What does mebendazole do? | back 28 it blocks glucose uptake of worms |
front 29 What is mebendazole used to treat? | back 29 worms (pinworms, hookworm, roundworm, whipworm) |
front 30 What are some nursing considerations for mebendazole? | back 30 chew/crush and swallow. It is teratogenic so don't give to pregnant people. |
front 31 Pinworms are also known as? | back 31 Enterobius vermicularis |
front 32 What are signs/symptoms and need to known information of Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms)? | back 32 - perianal itching - disinfect toilet after use, clean clothes, sheets, towels daily, and wash hands because it is CONTAGIOUS as HELL. |
front 33 What is the prototype drug for scabicides and pediculicides? | back 33 permethrin |
front 34 What does permethrin do? | back 34 stops the influx of sodium, killing/paralyzing the parasites |
front 35 What would we use permethrin for? | back 35 scabies and lice |
front 36 What is another name for having lice? | back 36 pediculosis |
front 37 How would we use permethrin for lice? | back 37 wash hair, apply cream, let it sit for 10 minutes, rinse, use lice comb. if they persist, repeat in a week but keep the drug in hair overnight. |
front 38 How would we use permethrin for scabies? | back 38 apply head to toe amd leave on for 8-14 hours. |