front 1 There is no such thing as a "perfect drug". T/F | back 1 True. All drugs are going to have potential side effects, might cause treated pathogen to become resistant, etc. |
front 2 List some symptoms of anaphylaxis. | back 2 rash, itching, dyspnea, edema |
front 3 How would you treat anaphylaxis? | back 3 STOP INFUSION IMMEDIATELY and administer epinephrine/antihistamine. Call provider. |
front 4 What are some delayed hypersensitivity reactions (occurs weeks/months after first dose is given)? | back 4
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front 5 How would you describe Stephen Johnson Syndrome? | back 5 SCARY, toxic epidermal necrosis, skin looks severely burned without actually having been burned. Normally would give burn meds to treat. |
front 6 How would you describe Pseudomembraneous colitis (C.diff)? | back 6 normal gut flora is wiped out/limited (due to medication, etc.) allowing Clostridium to take over and resulting in very excessive amounts of diarrhea. This can cause death via dehydration without proper treatment. |
front 7 What does every ABX need (except for a few select handful)? | back 7 a renal dose adjustment |
front 8 What is a way for bacteria to become resistant to penicillin? | back 8 by destroying the penicillin's beta lactamase (enzyme that breaks down bacterial CW) |
front 9 What is penicillin's prototype drug? | back 9 ampicillin (-cillins) |
front 10 How do penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams work? | back 10 by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis |
front 11 What is penicillin's spectrum of activity? | back 11 works primarily for gram positive |
front 12 What are some nursing implications for penicillins? | back 12 Allergies, inactivate aminoglycosides (ie administer these separately) |
front 13 Why is piperacillin used with tazobactam? | back 13 tazobactam is a beta lactamase inhibitor = adds gram negative activity to boost piperacillin's spectrum of activity |
front 14 What is piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn)'s spectrum of activity? | back 14 works on BOTH gram positive and negative activity (broad spectrum) |
front 15 What is Cephalosporins prototype drug? | back 15 cefazolin |
front 16 All cephalosporins begin with? | back 16 "cef-" or "ceph" |
front 17 What do we use cefazolin for? | back 17 commonly given for surgical prophylaxis (at least 1 hour before) to prevent infection during surgery |
front 18 What is cefazolin's spectrum of activity? | back 18 works for gram positive bacteria |
front 19 What is another cephalosporin that you give via deep IM injection or IV? | back 19 Ceftriaxone |
front 20 We know ceftriaxone is a deep IM injection. How would we describe it? | back 20 VERY PAINFUL, so we would reconstitute it with 1% lidocaine |
front 21 What is the only beta lactam drug that does not require renal dose adjustment? | back 21 ceftriaxone |
front 22 What is ceftriaxone's spectrum of activity? | back 22 moderately broad spectrum |
front 23 What is carbapenem's prototype drug? | back 23 imipenem-cilastatin |
front 24 All carbapenems end in? | back 24 "-penem" (hunger games's USA) |
front 25 What is carbapenem used for? | back 25 treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
front 26 What is carbapenem's spectrum of activity? | back 26 very broad spectrum |
front 27 What are some nursing implications for carbapenems? | back 27 they're so good at their job (broad spectrum) we we typically only save em for "CRITICAL" illness (it would be like shooting a cannon at a fly, OVERKILL), |
front 28 What is monobactam's prototype drug? | back 28 aztreonam |
front 29 What would we use monobactams for? | back 29 if the person has a severe penicillin allergy. |
front 30 What is monobactam's spectrum of activity | back 30 it works ONLY against gram negative bacteria |
front 31 What are some nursing implications for monobactams? | back 31 safe for people with a penicillin allergy, and we also only save em for "CRITICAL" illness |