front 1 ADC | back 1 (analog-to-digital converter) converts image information |
front 2 AEC | back 2 automatic exposure control (ionization chamber located |
front 3 algorithm | back 3 mathematical formula used by the computer to |
front 4 anode | back 4 positive electrode in the x-ray tube |
front 5 APR; APT | back 5 anatomically programmed radiography; |
front 6 artifact | back 6 an unwanted marking on a radiographic image |
front 7 automatic collimation | back 7 also known as positive beam
limitation |
front 8 bit binary digit | back 8 either 1 or 0; the computer’s unit of information |
front 9 bit depth | back 9 the number of shades of gray available within a pixel |
front 10 blur | back 10 effect of motion on the radiographic image |
front 11 brightness, image brightness | back 11 the amount of light coming from the monitor on which the radiographic image is displayed |
front 12 Bucky | back 12 short for Poer-Bucky diaphragm; a moving grid used to remove scaer radiation from the remnant beam, which can cause fog on the image receptor |
front 13 cassette | back 13 container used for holding the imaging plate in |
front 14 cathode | back 14 negative electrode in the x-ray tube |
front 15 collimator | back 15 box-like structure attached to the x-ray tube containing lead shutters that limit the x-ray beam to a specific area of the body |
front 16 contrast media | back 16 solutions or gasses introduced into the body to |
front 17 computed radiography (CR) | back 17 digital radiographic imaging using a cassette containing an imaging plate |
front 18 contrast | back 18 the visible difference between two selected areas of |
front 19 contrast resolution | back 19 the smallest change in signal that can be detected by the image receptor |
front 20 DAP | back 20 dose area product, a measure of the total radiation |
front 21 DICOM (digital imaging and communications in medicine) | back 21 a standard protocol used for blending a picture archiving
and |
front 22 direct radiography (DR) | back 22 uses fixed detectors that directly communicate with a computer |
front 23 distortion | back 23 misrepresentation of the size or shape of the object as recorded in the radiographic image |
front 24 dynamic range | back 24 the ability of an image receptor to capture the x-ray photons leaving the patient |
front 25 exposure indicator | back 25 describes the status of the exposure and diagnostic value of the digital image |
front 26 fluoroscopy | back 26 “live action” imaging when the x-ray beam is on, |
front 27 focal spot (focal track) | back 27 area of the anode in the x-ray tube from which x-rays emanate |
front 28 grid | back 28 device that is placed between the patient and the image |
front 29 HIS | back 29 hospital information system |
front 30 HL7 | back 30 health level seven, an international standard for communicating medical information |
front 31 histogram | back 31 graphic display of the distribution of pixel values in adigital image |
front 32 image receptor (IR) | back 32 any device or medium that captures the remnant beam |
front 33 imaging plate (IP) | back 33 plate that is coated with photostimulable |
front 34 kVp peak kilovoltage | back 34 that is applied to the x-ray tube, which |
front 35 lead aprons | back 35 coverings worn by radiographers who are in a |
front 36 mAs (milliampere-seconds) | back 36 the product of milliamperage and time; mA is the current that is
passed through the x-ray tube, whose energy is then converted to
x-rays when it strikes the anode; it determines the number of x-rays
produced and, |
front 37 matrix | back 37 digital image that is made up of rows and columns of data |
front 38 mobile radiography portable radiography | back 38 imaging patients in locations other than an x-ray room, such as the patient’s room or operating room (see surgical radiography); because of presence of scatter radiation, the radiographer is required to wear a dosimeter and lead apron |
front 39 OID (object-to-image receptor distance) | back 39 distance from the part being examined to the image receptor |
front 40 PACS | back 40 picture archiving and communications system |
front 41 pixel | back 41 picture element; the smallest component of a matrix |
front 42 postprocessing | back 42 digital manipulation of a radiographic image after its acquisition by the computer |
front 43 PSP (photostimulable phosphor) | back 43 coating on the imaging plate of a computed radiography cassette |
front 44 radiographic image x-ray | back 44 image as viewed on a monitor after acquisition |
front 45 radiographic position | back 45 specific position of the body or body part in relation to the table or image receptor |
front 46 radiographic projection | back 46 path the x-ray beam takes as it passes through the body; described as if the body is in the anatomical position |
front 47 radiographic view | back 47 term used to explain how the image receptor sees the body image; the opposite of the radiographic projection |
front 48 remnant beam (exit radiation) | back 48 x-ray beam that exits the patient; is made up of image-forming rays and scatter radiation |
front 49 RIS | back 49 radiology information system |
front 50 scatter radiation | back 50 x-rays emanating from the patient in divergent paths rather than straight to the image receptor; the source of the radiographer’s occupational dose, requiring the wearing of a lead apron and dosimeter for fluoroscopy and mobile radiography |
front 51 spatial resolution | back 51 the sharpness of the structural edges in the radiographic image; the smallest detail that can be detected |
front 52 SID (source-to-image receptor distance) | back 52 distance from the source of radiation (x-ray tube anode) to the image receptor |
front 53 SOD (source-to-object distance) | back 53 distance from the source of radiation (x-ray tube anode) to the part being examined |
front 54 surgical radiography | back 54 radiographic procedures performed by the radiographer in the operating room, usually using a C-arm (portable fluoroscope) |
front 55 time, distance, shielding | back 55 the three cardinal principles of radiation protection; least amount
of time exposed, greatest distance from the source of radiation, use
of lead or other |
front 56 voxel | back 56 volume element; section of tissue represented by a pixel |
front 57 window | back 57 level midpoint of densities in a digital image; used to adjust digital image brightness |
front 58 window | back 58 width adjusts contrast of the digital image |
front 59 workstation (radiologist or radiographer) | back 59 location of the monitor on which radiographic images are displayed |
front 60 x-ray | back 60 a form of electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths that |